从“附属品”到“个人”——包天笑小说中妓女形象的演变

From"Accessories"to"Individuals":Evolution of the Prostitute Image in Bao Tianxiao′s Novels

以妓女为创作题材的小说古已有之。包天笑在早期小说中塑造了“溢美”和“溢恶”的妓女形象,但这两种形象都是基于男性视角将妓女置于“被看”的位置和“失语”的状态,只是作为男性附属品出现在文学作品中。“五四”时期,在追求“独立意识”和“妇女解放”的思潮影响下,包天笑开始将妓女当作平等的“个人”来看待,叙述她们悲惨的人生遭遇,施以真切的同情。由此,妓女以“个人”的身份走进文本中,拥有了独立性和主体性。

There is a history of novel writing about prostitutes.Bao Tianxiao created the prostitute images of"exultation of beauty"and"exultation of evil"in his early novels,both of which are based on the male perspective.The prostitute is in the position of"being seen"and the state of"aphasia",and can only appear in literary works as a male accessory.During the period of"the May 4th Movement",under the influence of the ideological trend of pursuing"independent consciousness"and"women′s liberation",Bao Tianxiao began to treat prostitutes as equal"individuals",narrating their tragic life experiences and giving them real sympathy.Prostitutes began to enter the text as"individuals"with independence and subjectivity.