临床科主任领导行为对医师职业精神的影响

Influence of the leadership of department directors on the professionalism of clinic physicians

目的:编制科主任领导行为量表,了解临床医师对科主任领导行为的评价及其职业精神现状,探究科主任领导行为对医师职业精神的影响。方法:使用自编问卷,对通过方便抽样选取的5所二级公立医院的234名临床科室医师进行现场问卷调查。结果:探索性因子分析显示科主任领导行为量表包含领导魅力、目标设置、团队参与、改进服务和能力发展等5个维度。在4点计分情况下,医师对临床科主任领导行为评分为(3.47±0.61),医师职业态度和职业行为的得分分别是(3.66±0.32)和(3.67±0.36)。回归分析发现,科主任领导行为的能力发展维度(β=0.243,P<0.001)和领导魅力维度(β=0.190,P<0.01)分别对医师职业态度和职业行为产生积极影响。结论:医师职业态度与职业行为均较积极。科主任领导行为与医师职业态度、行为正相关。培养科主任的非权力性影响力可以提升科主任的领导效果,从而推动医师职业精神的改进。

Objective:To investigate the professionalism of physicians and their evaluation of the director’s leadership,and explore the influence of directors’leadership behaviors on their professionalism.Methods:Self-administered questionnaires were distributed to 234 physicians in five public hospitals.Results:The factor analysis showed that the clinical director’s leadership scale included five dimensions:leadership charisma,goal setting,service improvement,participation in team,and capacity development.In the case of 1-4 points,the score of the leadership of clinical directors is(3.47±0.61),and the scores of professional attitudes and behaviors of physicians are(3.66±0.32)and(3.67±0.36).Regression analysis indicated that physicians’professional attitudes were significantly influenced by one dimension of leadership(capacity development;β=0.243,P<0.001),and physicians’professional behaviors were also significantly influenced by one dimension of leadership(charisma of leader;β=0.190,P<0.01).Conclusion:Physicians showed positive medical professionalism.Leadership(especially the dimension of capacity development and charisma of leaders)affected physicians’attitudes and behaviors.Measures should be taken to improve the leadership of the clinical director so as to improve the professionalism of physicians.