轮班对妇女绝经年龄及行经年限的影响

Effect of shift work on menopausal age and menstruation span of professional women

目的探讨轮班对妇女绝经年龄及行经年限的影响,为有效保护职业女性健康提供科学依据。方法于2017年7月至2018年10月,采用整群抽样的方法,以深圳市9个区的社区健康服务中心年龄≥60岁的深圳户籍常住女性居民(3518人)为研究对象,收集其年龄、婚姻状况、绝经年龄、吸烟、饮酒、轮班经历及轮班年限等资料。采用多元线性回归模型分析轮班对妇女绝经年龄及行经年限的影响。结果有轮班经历组359人(10.2%),绝经年龄为(49.71±3.63)岁,行经年限为(34.27±3.92)年;无轮班经历组3159人(89.8%),绝经年龄为(50.20±3.60)岁,行经年限为(34.86±4.13)年。两组绝经年龄和行经年限差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在调整被动吸烟和饮酒等因素后,多元线性回归模型结果显示,绝经年龄、行经年限与轮班均呈负向关联(β=-0.493、-0.575,P<0.05)。结论轮班与妇女绝经年龄及行经年限相关,应注重工作强度、昼夜节律对女性职工职业健康状况的影响。

Objective To explore the relationship between shift work and menopausal age and menstruation span of retired women.Methods During July 2017 and October 2018,the research was performed by using cluster sampling in nine districts of Shenzhen City to select all permanent residents(3518 people)with Shenzhen household registration in which was equal to or over 60 years old from the Community Health Service Centers.The data of age,marital status,menopausal age,smoking,drinking,shift experience and shift years were collected.The relationship between shift work and menopausal age as well as menstruation span of professional women were analyzed by multivariate linear regression model.Results There were 359 people(10.2%)in the shift experience group,the menopausal age was(49.71±3.63)years,and the menstrual period was(34.27±3.92)years.The non-shift experience group were 3159 people(89.8%),the menopausal age was(50.20±3.60)years,and the menstrual period was(34.86±4.13)years.The differences of menopausal age and menstrual years between the two groups were statistically significant(P<0.05).After adjusting for factors such as passive smoking and drinking,the results of the multiple linear regression model showed that menopausal age,menstrual years were negatively correlated with shift work(β=-0.493,-0.575,P<0.05).Conclusion Shifts are related to women's menopausal age and menstrual years,and attention should be paid to the impact of work intensity and circadian rhythm on the occupational health of female employees.