主要壶腹腺丝蛋白分子结构与机械性能之间的关系

The relationship between molecular structure and mechanical properties of the major ampullate spider protein

蜘蛛丝是性能优异的天然丝类材料,其中主要壶腹腺丝蛋白产生的牵引丝具有极高的力学性能、良好的生物相容性和生物可降解性,广泛应用于纺织、生物医学和环境工程等领域。深入研究蜘蛛丝蛋白分子结构与机械性能,有助于理解蜘蛛丝蛋白的成丝机制,为制备具有良好机械性能的人造蜘蛛丝纤维提供理论依据。该文围绕不同物种主要壶腹腺丝蛋白的分子组成、成丝机理和分子结构与机械性能之间的关系进行了阐述。

Spider silk is a natural silk material with excellent performance. The dragline silk produced by major ampullate spidroin has extremely high mechanical properties, biocompatibility and biodegradability, and widely used in textile, biomedicine, environmental engineering and other fields. To further study the molecular structure and mechanical properties of spidroin will help understand the mechanism of the silk fiber forming and provide a theoretical basis for the production of artificial spider silk fibers with better mechanical properties. This review introduces the molecular composition, mechanism of silk fiber forming as well as relationship between molecular structure and mechanical properties of different spices.