脂肪因子调控软骨功能在运动改善关节炎中的作用机制研究进展

Research progress on the role and mechanism of adipocytokines mediated cartilage function in exercise improvement of arthritis

关节炎主要是由机体的退行性变(类风湿关节炎除外)、代谢紊乱与损伤,以及感染和创伤等因素引起的关节,包括关节周围组织的炎症,一般伴随着关节软骨组织的损伤。研究发现,由脂肪组织分泌的瘦素(Leptin)、脂联素(Adiponectin)、抵抗素(Resistin)、内脂素(Visfatin)、趋化素(Chemerin)、网膜素1(Omentin-1)、脂蛋白2(Lipocalin 2)和丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂(Vaspin)等细胞因子可以通过调控软骨细胞的增殖、分化和凋亡,改善关节软骨功能,降低关节炎症的水平。研究表明,运动能够通过调控相关脂肪因子的分泌,在改善关节软骨功能和关节炎进程中扮演着极为重要的角色。该文通过系统综述运动引起的相关脂肪因子的表达及其调控软骨功能的信号通路,探讨脂肪因子在运动调控软骨功能、改善关节炎中的具体机制,为关节炎的防治和药物靶点的开发提供新的思路。

Arthritis is mainly caused by degeneration of the body(except rheumatoid arthritis), metabolic disorder and injury of the body, infection and trauma and other factors of the joint, including the inflammation of the tissues around the joint, generally accompanied by the injury of articular cartilage. Studies found that adipocytokines, such as Leptin, Adiponectin, Resistin, Visfatin, Chemerin, Omentin-1, Lipocalin 2, and Vaspin, secreted by adipose tissue, can improve articular cartilage function and reduce levels of joint inflammation by regulating proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis of chondrocytes. Furthermore, studies have shown that exercise plays an important role in improving the function of articular cartilage and the progression of arthritis by regulating the secretion of related adipocytokines. In our current study, we systematically reviewed the expression of adipocytokines caused by exercise and the signaling pathways that may affect cartilage function, further explored the specific mechanism of adipocytokine in regulating cartilage function and improving arthritis. It is expected that our research can provide new ideas for the prevention and treatment of arthritis and the development of drug targets.