天然产物对2型糖尿病的降血糖作用机制分析

Analysis of the mechanism of natural products on lowering blood glucose of type 2 diabetes mellitus

2型糖尿病(type 2 diabetes mellitus, T2DM)是一种以持续性高血糖、胰岛素绝对缺乏或相对缺乏为特征的常见慢性代谢性疾病,其发病机制尚不完全明确。传统的降糖药物虽有一定的治疗效果,但T2DM患者长期服用会对机体产生一定的不良反应。近年来发现,天然产物不仅来源广泛,且具有降血糖、改善胰岛素抵抗等特点,作用温和并无毒无害,具有一定的抗T2DM特性。现对T2DM的主要发病机制及具有不同降血糖作用的天然产物进行分类综述,阐述天然产物在T2DM的防治及其潜在作用机制方面的研究进展,以期为T2DM的治疗提供新思路,为新型相关降糖药物的研发提供参考。

Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2 DM) is a common chronic metabolic disease characterized by persistent hyperglycemia, absolute or relative lack of insulin, and its pathogenesis is not fully clear. Although traditional hypoglycemic drugs have a certain therapeutic effect on T2 DM patients, its long-term use will produce certain adverse effects to the body. In recent years, it has been discovered that the source of natural products is extensive. Natural products, which are mild and harmless, can lower blood glucose, improve insulin resistance, and have some anti-T2 DM properties. In order to provide new ideas for the treatment of T2 DM and provide guidance for diabetes drugs development, this paper classify and summarize the main pathogenesis of T2 DM and the natural products with different hypoglycemic effects, systematically review the research progress of natural products in the prevention and treatment of T2 DM and its potential mechanism.