稻壳和麦麸对鲜玉米秸秆青贮品质的影响

Effects of Rice Husk and Wheat Bran Addition on Silage Quality of Fresh Corn Straw

为更好地利用稻壳和麦麸,本试验将2者与新鲜玉米(Zea mays L.)秸秆按不同比例混合青贮,发酵60天后测定其青贮品质和营养成分,以期筛选出混贮的最佳比例。结果表明,与鲜玉米秸秆单独青贮(对照)相比,麦麸和鲜玉米秸秆混合青贮的干物质、可溶性碳水化合物和粗蛋白含量均显著提高(P<0.05),但丁酸含量超过1%,发酵品质较差;与对照相比,稻壳与鲜玉米秸秆混合青贮的粗蛋白、可溶性碳水化合物含量和氨态氮/总氮的值均显著下降(P<0.05);稻壳、麦麸与鲜玉米秸秆混合青贮的发酵品质与对照相当,但干物质含量显著提高(P<0.05),且M1F1(5%麦麸+10%稻壳+85%鲜玉米秸秆)处理的Kaiser法评分最高。因此,建议将麦麸、稻壳和鲜玉米秸秆按5∶10∶85的鲜重比混合青贮。

In order to make better use of rice husk and wheat bran,different proportions of rice husk,wheat bran and fresh corn(Zea mays L.)straw were ensiled together for 60 days.The fermentation quality and nutrients were analyzed to select the best mixing ratio.The results showed that compared with fresh corn straw silage alone(CK),the content of dry matter,water soluble carbohydrate and crude protein in the mixed silage of wheat bran and fresh corn straw increased significantly(P<0.05),but the butyric acid content was more than 1%,which has poor fermentation quality.The content of crude protein,water soluble carbohydrate and the ammonia nitrogen/total nitrogen significantly decreased(P<0.05)in the mixed silage of rice husk and fresh corn straw compared with CK.The fermentation quality of the mixed silage of rice husk,wheat bran and fresh corn straw was similar with fresh corn straw silage alone,while the dry matter content was significantly higher(P<0.05).Among them,M1F1(5%wheat bran+10%rice husk+85%fresh corn straw)had the highest Kaiser score.Therefore,it is recommended that the fresh weight ratio of wheat bran,rice husk and fresh corn straw should be 5∶10∶85 for mixed silage.