几种新选育杨树品种(品系)叶部病害调查与分析

Investigation and Analysis of Leaf Diseases of Several Newly Bred Poplars

为比较新选育的杨树无性系抗病性,以渭河试验站栽植的27个杨树无性系为材料,对其1 a生扦插苗叶部病害侵染情况进行大田调查,并运用隶属函数和系统聚类方法分析对比各无性系间抗病性强弱,提出病害防治建议。结果表明:所选白杨派无性系均未感染锈病,且白杨派无性系对3种病害的抗性均强于黑杨派无性系;试验的27个无性系抗病性强弱综合评价结果是,I-101,84k,秦白杨1、2、3、4、5号,西北杨1、3号,07-17-18、07-23-23、07-30-11、04-17-12、04-19-14和秦黑青杨2号等15个无性系抗性较强,秦黑卜杨,秦黑青杨1号,秦黑杨1、2号,田纳西1、2、3号,陕林3、4号等9个无性系抗病性较弱;气候因素对杨树叶部病害的发生影响最大,种源因素影响次之。可通过杂交选育抗病性更强的树种,加强林地管理等减少病害发生。

In order to know the disease resistance of several newly bred poplar clones,27 poplar clones from Weihe Experimental Station were used as materials to investigate the leaf disease infection of their annual cuttings.By means of membership function and systematic clustering,the disease resistance among clones was analyzed and compared,and reasonable suggestions for disease prevention and control were put forward.The results showed that none of the clones were infected with rust,and the resistance of the poplar clones to the three diseases was stronger than that of the Populus nigra.Comprehensive evaluation of 27 clonal disease resistance strength,I-101,84k,Qinbai Yang No.1~No.5,Xibei Yang No.1 and 3,07-17-18,07-23-23,07-30-11,04-17-12,04-19-14 and Qinheiqing Yang No.2 showed strong resistance,Qinheibo Yang,Qinheiqing Yang No.1,Qinhei Yang No.1 and 2,Tennessee Yang No.1~No.3,Shanlin No.3 and 4 showed weak resistance.The results indicated that climatic factors had the greatest influence on the occurrence of leaf diseases of poplar clones,followed by provenance factors.The disease occurrence can be reduced by crossing and breeding tree species with stronger disease resistance and strengthening scientific daily management.