烤烟种质资源物理特性的遗传多样性分析

Genetic diversity of physical characteristics of flue-cured tobacco germplasm resources

为明确烤烟种质资源物理特性的遗传多样性,有效利用种质资源,选取了269份烤烟种质资源C3F烟叶6个物理特性指标进行了遗传多样性和聚类分析。结果表明:①参试种质资源的物理特性指标变异系数在6.73%~20.25%范围内,遗传多样性指数为1.934~2.050,平均2.014。②国内种质资源物理特性平均遗传多样性指数(1.979)略高于美国资源(1.956)和其他资源(1.932),国内地方种质资源物理特性平均遗传多样性指数(2.628)高于杂交选育资源(1.922)。③参试种质资源在相似距离0.982处可聚为4个类群,类群间指标存在极显著差异,Ⅰ类群、Ⅱ类群资源物理特性分值高于Ⅲ类群、Ⅳ类群,丰字6号、黄苗榆、B22、革新6号、牡单81-56、黑玉米棒子、凤城黄金等7份资源的物理特性指标均在最适宜或适宜范围,物理特性指标分值较高。因此参试烤烟种质资源物理特性的遗传多样性较丰富,国内地方种质资源物理特性的遗传多样性比杂交选育的种质资源丰富,物理特性优异的7份种质资源可供品种选育或品种物理特性改良时加以利用。

In order to clarify the genetic diversity of physical characteristics of flue-cured tobacco germplasm resources and to use germplasm resources effectively,the genetic diversity analysis and cluster analysis were conducted for 6 physical characteristic indexes of C3F leaves of 269 selected flue-cured tobacco germplasm resources.The results showed that:1)The variable coefficients of 6 physical characteristic indexes of the experimental germplasm resources ranged from 6.73% to 20.25% and genetic diversity indexes were from 1.934 to 2.050 with an average of 2.014.2)The mean value of genetic diversity indexes for physical characteristics of domestic resources(1.979)was a little higher than that of resources introduced from U.S.A.(1.956)and other resources(1.932),and the mean value of genetic diversity indexes for domestic local germplasm resources(2.628)in China was higher than that of hybrid breeding resources(1.922).3)The experimental germplasm resources could be clustered into 4 groups at a similar distance of 0.982.There were extremely significant differences in the indexes between the groups.The physical characteristic scores of resources in group Ⅰ and group Ⅱ were higher than those in group Ⅲ and group Ⅳ.The physical characteristic indexes of 7 resources,Fengzi 6,Huangmiaoyu,B22,Gexin 6,Mudan 81-56,black corn cob and Fengcheng gold,were all in the most suitable or suitable range,and their scores were higher.In conclusion,the genetic diversity of physical characteristics of experimental flue-cured tobacco germplasm resources was abundant,that of local resources was higher than that of hybrid breeding resources in China.Seven germplasm resources with excellent physical characteristics could be used for tobacco variety breeding and physical characteristic improving.