区别化执行:政策实践中乡镇政府的社会动员——以DFY水库搬迁过程为例

Differentiated Implementation:Social Mobilization of Township Government in Policy Practice——Taking DFY Reservoir Relocation Process as An Example

本文是在新时代背景下以DFY水库上游保护区村居房屋整体搬迁过程为个案,探讨一种特殊的项目政策推进模式——区别化执行。研究发现,乡镇政府基于压力型体制下科层结构特点,在推进工作任务的不同阶段,通过这种动态、综合的执行手段来达到上级工作任务的及时完成和有效落实,借以实现他们在科层场域内的职业晋升愿景或不被淘汰出局。而在执行此类政策行为时,乡镇政府会针对行为对象选择性采取区别化政策执行方式,并具体呈现项目政策执行的基本行为面相,即在初始阶段对积极响应型群体的规则性执行,在胶着阶段对中性响应型群体的关系性执行以及在攻坚阶段对消极响应型群体的权威性执行。进而可见,乡镇政府这种区别化执行上级政策的实践逻辑是基于他们所处场域环境下的个体选择,更是为了因应治理体系现代化特点而形塑的综合性运作手段。同时,这种政策执行模式以及多重逻辑解释路径对乡镇其他中心工作也有一定的借鉴作用和扩展性解释力。

Under the background of the new era,this paper takes the overall relocation process of village houses in the upstream protection area of DFY reservoir as a case to explore a special project policy promotion mode-differentiated implementation.It is found that,based on the characteristics of bureaucratic structure under the pressure type system,township governments will achieve the timely completion and effective implementation of the tasks of their superiors through this dynamic and comprehensive means of implementation in different stages of promoting the tasks,so as to realize their career promotion vision in the bureaucratic field or not be eliminated.In the implementation of this kind of policy behavior,the township government will selectively adopt differentiated policy implementation mode according to the behavior object,and specifically present the basic behavior of project policy implementation,that is,the regular implementation for the positive response group in the initial stage,the relational implementation for the neutral response group in the adhesive stage,and the authority of the implementation for the negative response group in the critical stage.Furthermore,it can be seen that the practical logic of differentiated implementation of superior policies by township governments is based on the individual choice in their field environment,and it is also a comprehensive operation means shaped in response to the characteristics of modernization of governance system.At the same time,this policy implementation mode and multiple logical interpretation path also have a certain reference and expansible explanatory power for other Township Center work.