公交线路资源配置与客流状况协调性综合评价方法

A Comprehensive Evaluation Method for Coordinating Resource Allocations and Passenger Flow of Bus Lines

由于常规公交线路资源配置存在不平衡、不充分等问题,量化评价公交线路资源配置与客流状况协调发展程度成为科学优化城市公交线网布局的重要前提。考虑公交线路资源配置与客流状况协调性特征构建指标体系,针对传统DEA方法中指标及其影响效应的确定存在较为主观、难以区分有效决策单元等劣势,以结构方程模型为依托筛选有效指标并确定其影响效应。在此基础上,应用基于理想点的改进DEA模型获得二者间协调性差异化排序,研究了公交线路资源配置与客流状况协调性综合评价方法,并以北京市海淀区65条公交线路数据进行案例分析。结果表明,平均站点间距指标对二者协调性影响最大,影响效应达0.901。所提出的方法能有效区分应用传统DEA方法难以排序的5条线路,且其评价结果与线路等级及实际运营情况相符,具有良好的应用可行性。

Due to the imbalanced and inadequate resource allocations of bus lines,the quantitative coordination evaluation of the resource allocations and passenger flow of bus lines are essential for the optimized layout of the urban public transport network.The indicator system is developed by considering the characteristics of the coordination between the resource allocations and passenger flow.Because of the disadvantages of the traditional DEA method,such as the groundless selection of indicators,the subjective determination of their influence effects,and the difficulty in distinguishing effective decision-making units,the structural equation model is introduced as a basis for selecting effective indicators and identifying the rank of the influencing effects.Further,the differentiated coordination ranking is obtained based on the improved DEA model where the ideal point is introduced.Therefore,the work proposes a comprehensive evaluation method of the coordination between the resource allocations and passenger flow conditions.Finally,a case study is conducted with data from65 bus lines in Haidian District,Beijing.The results show that the indicator of the average stop spacing has the most significant impact on the coordination of resource allocations and passenger flow,with an effect of0.901.The five bus lines that are difficult to rank with the traditional DEA method are distinguished based on the proposed method.Also,the evaluation results consistent with the design and operation of bus lines show the good application of the proposed model.