社会支持理论视阈下红十字会灾害救助研究——基于浙江省Q区红十字会的救灾经验

Research on Red Cross Disaster Relief from the Perspective of Social Support Theory——Based on the Disaster Relief Experience of the Red Cross Society of Qujiang District, Zhejiang Province

灾害救助是现代社会下的重要议题,红十字会在灾害救助方面具备一定的基础和优势。文章依托社会支持理论,基于浙江省Q区红十字会的救灾经验,借助社会支持实务模型,从问题界定、社会支持网评估、需求分析以及社会支持网重构四个环节进行阐述。文章重点分析了Q区红十字会通过客观支持和主观支持两个层面重构社会支持网的灾害救助模式。同时,还对照了社会支持实务模型的具体要求,进一步分析了Q区红十字会存在的社会支持缺乏个性化、物质援助作用有限、主观支持效用欠缺等不足,并提出加强评估精准程度、提高物质援助水平、增加主观支持时间等优化路径,以期为红十字会灾害救助工作的进一步完善提供建议和参考。

Disaster relief is an important topic in a risk society, and the Red Cross has certain foundations and advantages in disaster relief. The article relies on the theory of social support, based on the disaster relief experience of the Red Cross Society of Zhejiang Province Q District, with the help of practical social support models, and elaborates on the four links of problem definition, social support network evaluation, needs analysis, and social support network reconstruction. The article focuses on analyzing the disaster relief model of the Red Cross Society of Q District in reconstructing the social support network at two levels: objective support and subjective support. At the same time, in contrast to the specific requirements of the social support practice model, it further analyzed the lack of individualization of social support, the limited role of material assistance, and the lack of subjective support effectiveness of the Red Cross in the Q district. It also proposed to strengthen the accuracy of assessment and improve the material. Optimized paths such as aid levels and increased subjective support time are expected to provide suggestions and references for the improvement and improvement of the Red Cross disaster relief work.