手术室护士心理健康情况及精神压力源相关性研究

Mental health and occupational stress source of operating room nurses

目的探讨手术室护士心理健康情况及压力源情况,并研究了两者之间的关系。方法采用症状自评量表(symptom check list 90,SCL-90)及中国护士工作压力源量表对103名手术室护士进行问卷调查。结果手术室护士SCL-90各因子得分从高到低顺序为强迫症状(1.99±0.44)分,敌对(1.88±0.36)分,抑郁(1.81±0.35)分,人际关系敏感(1.75±0.30)分,焦虑(1.64±0.38)分,偏执(1.60±0.35)分,躯体化(1.57±0.53)分,恐怖(1.36±0.47)分及精神病性(1.35±0.35)分,除精神病性维度外,其余各因子得分与总均分均高于全国常模(P<0.05)。不同职称的手术室护士SCL-90量表总均分比较,差异有统计学意义(t=21.30,P<0.01)。除工作环境及资源维度外,不同职称的手术室护士工作压力源量表各因子得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。手术室护士护理专业及工作(r=0.69),工作量及分配(r=0.65),工作环境及资源(r=0.61),患者护理(r=0.60)、管理及人际关系(r=0.74)得分与SCL-90量表的总均分均呈正相关(P<0.01)。结论手术室护士心理健康情况不佳,其中护师职称的情况最差;手术室护士心理健康情况受工作压力的影响,且不同职称的护士工作压力源不同。故对手术室护士进行心理干预时,应针对其压力来源的不同采用相应的方法。

Objective To investigate the mental health status and occupational stress source of operating nurses,and explore their relationship.Methods Totally 103 operating nurses were surveyed using the symptom check list 90(SCL-90)and Chinese nurse job stressors questionnaire.Results Among all factors of SCL-90,the score of compulsion ranked the highest(1.99±0.44),followed by that of hostility(1.88±0.36),depression(1.81±0.35),interpersonal sensitivity(1.75±0.30),anxiety(1.64±0.38),paranoid(1.60±0.35),somatization(1.57±0.53),horror(1.36±0.47)and psychosis(1.35±0.35).The scores of all factors except the psychosis were higher than the national norm(P<0.05).There was a significant difference in the average total score of the SCL-90 among nurses with different professional titles(t=21.30,P<0.01).Significant differences were also observed in the score of different stressors except that of the working environment and resource among nurses with different professional titles.The average scores of nursing major and work(r=0.69),workload and allocation(r=0.65),working environment and equipment(r=0.61),patient care(r=0.60)as well as management and interpersonal relationship(r=0.74)were all of a positive correlation with the total score of the SCL-90(P<0.01).Conclusion The mental health of the nurses in the operation room is poor,and that of the nurse practitioners is the worst.Their mental health is affected by the occupational pressure,caused by different reasons for nurses with different professional titles.Therefore,targeted intervention should be conducted to relieve stress from different resources.ding methods should be adopted to the different stressors.