重要农业文化遗产在国家公园体制建设和自然保护地体系优化中的角色

The Role of the Important Agricultural Heritage Systems in the Construction of China’s National Park System and the Optimisation of the Protected Area System

我国自然保护地内及其周边社区的保护兼容性发展是自然保护目标的组成部分。当前自然保护推崇形成空间保护网络,因此建立封闭式自然保护地不符合我国乡村社区现状与有限的空间情况。在此背景下明晰中国自然保护地内及其周边乡村中农业的角色具有重要意义。重要农业文化遗产因其具有多功能性,且具有与自然保护地一致的价值,成为探讨农业系统与自然保护地空间关系和功能联系的切入点。本文通过解读重要农业文化遗产概念、管理目标与资源管理特征,分析了其与国家公园在保护与发展下的相互关联。研究揭示了重要农业文化遗产动态保护、整体保护和适应性管理的管理理念可以从形成保护兼容性生计角度贡献于国家公园管理。同时,为了形成空间保护网络,重要农业文化遗产地在自然保护地体系中的定位和管理也需要进一步的研究和讨论。

Conservation-compatible development of rural communities is an important part of nature conservation objectives.Understanding the role of agriculture,which is often practiced in or bordering the protected areas in rural China,is critical for managing conservation networks considering that limited spatial areas are available for enclosed protected areas.Important Agricultural Heritage Systems stand out for their multi-functionality,and some of their values are compatible with nature conservation.This paper examined the concept,management objectives and resource management characteristics of the Important Agricultural Heritage Systems(IAHS)by analysing their interactions with national parks in terms of community development.The results reveal that management strategies of dynamic conservation,integrated protection and adaptive management of the IAHS can contribute to those national park management objectives concerning conservation-compatible livelihood.However,the typology of the protected area system,including the traditional agricultural system as a new type,needs further consideration.