中国食品出口贸易地理网络演化

CHINA’S FOOD EXPORT NETWORK AND ITS EVOLUTION

华人网络与文化距离对中国食品行业贸易地理网络的形成与演化具有显著影响。本文基于2000—2016年中国海关贸易数据库,首先展示中国各省份食品贸易地理网络格局及其演化趋势,研究发现我国东部省份以东亚和北美为主要出口目的地,中西部省份贸易网络的空间不均衡性较强,且各省份食品出口均有贸易联系强化和目的国多样化特征。其次,构建计量模型分析华人网络和文化距离如何影响中国各省份食品出口贸易网络动态演化。进一步地,将中国各省份食品出口增长分解为目的国扩张、出口额增长和比较优势扩展这三个维度以考察其作用差异。实证结果显示:①华人网络能够显著促进中国各省份食品出口额增长,但对出口目的国扩张具有负向影响;②文化距离对中国各省份食品出口贸易网络演化的出口额增长和比较优势扩展起负向作用,对目的国扩张的影响则不显著;③文化距离在华人网络对食品贸易的影响中起中介作用,华人网络能够削弱文化距离对我国各省份食品出口额增长的负效应,从而间接地推动我国食品贸易发展。

Chinese outmigrant networks and cultural distance have significant influence on the trade pattern of Chinese food industries.Using Chinese Customs Trade Statistics(CCTS) dataset from 2000 to 2016,this study shows China’s provinces’ food export network and its evolution.It is found that East Asia and North America are the main export destinations in eastern China,while the spatial distribution of food export network in central and western provinces is uneven.All provinces’ food export networks have the characteristics of trade value growth and destination diversification during 2000-2016.Second,this study constructs an econometric model to analyze how outmigrant networks and cultural distance affect the dynamics of China’s food export network.Furthermore,export growth can be divided into three dimensions,including expansion of destination,growth of trade value and expansion of revealed comparative advantages(RCA),to examine their differences.Empirical results show that:1) Chinese outmigrant networks can significantly promote Chinese food export value growth,but have negative impacts on destination expansion;2) cultural distance plays a negative role in China’s food export value growth and RCA expansion,but effect on destination expansion is not significant;3) Cultural distance has intermediate effect of Chinese outmigrant networks’ influence on food export networks.That is,Chinese outmigrant networks weaken the negative effect of cultural distance on Chinese food export growth,thereby indirectly promote the development of food export trade.