景点可达性对不同出游时间游客流动的影响研究——以西安市为例

RESEARCH ON THE IMPACT OF TOURIST ATTRACTIONS ACCESSIBILITY ON TOURIST FLOW IN DIFFERENT TRAVEL TIMES:A CASE STUDY OF XI’AN CITY

景点可达性是实现游客流动的先决条件,受到旅游可利用时间的影响和制约,游客流动亦表现出明显的出游时间异质性,探讨出游时间制约下景点可达性如何影响游客流动,对于进一步深化厘清旅游目的地发展机制,完善旅游交通配置和布局,促进城市旅游业发展具有重要意义。本文以典型旅游城市西安为研究区域,综合利用百度出行实时数据、网络游记数据和问卷调查数据,运用QAP分析方法和统计分析方法,分析景点可达性对不同出游时间游客流动的影响。结果发现:①不同交通方式的出行时间成本、高等级景点集聚性均是影响游客流动规模的重要因素,影响程度随着出游时间的约束变化而不同。②游客选择景点更重视公交可达性,且公交可达性的影响程度在三日游及以上中表现最为重要,其后依次为一日游、二日游。③典型路径和高频景点的感知可达性水平均较高,均显现出公交可达性水平相比私家车感知更好,停车困难是私家车出行面临的主要问题,同时,路况有待改善也是典型路径和高频景点亟需解决的问题。

The accessibility of tourist attractions is the prerequisite to realize the flow of tourists,affected and influenced by the time available for travel,and the flow of tourists also shows obvious travel time heterogeneity.This paper uses the typical tourist city of Xi’an as the research area,comprehensively utilizes Baidu travel real-time data,online tourist travel data and questionnaire survey data,and uses QAP analysis and statistical analysis to analyze the impact of the accessibility of tourist attractions on the flow of tourists in different travel times.The results are as follows:1) The travel time cost of different modes of transportation and the agglomeration of high-level tourist attractions are important factors that affect the scale of tourist flow,and the degree of influence varies with the change of travel time constraints.2) Tourists pay more attention to bus accessibility when choosing tourist attractions,and the impact of bus accessibility is the most important in three-day tour and above,the next one is a one-day tour,and the lowest is two-day tour.3) The perceived accessibility levels of typical routes and high-frequency tourist attractions are relatively high,showing that the accessibility level of public transportation is better than that of private cars.Parking difficulty is the main problem when using private cars to travel.