快捷货运电力机车抗蛇行减振器关键参数优化分析

Optimization Analysis of Key Parameters of Anti-Yaw Dampers of a Fast Freight Electric Locomotive

当前快捷货运研发技术日益成熟,开行快捷货运列车势在必行,与传统货车相比,快捷货运时速要求更高,电力机车的参数优化愈加必要。基于车辆动力学理论,采用仿真软件SIMPACK建立机车动力学模型,对抗蛇行减振器的节点刚度与阻尼特性进行优化研究。结果表明:抗蛇行减振器的节点刚度最优值为20MN/m,当节点刚度高于此值时,轮轨横向力与磨耗指数均呈明显增加趋势。磨耗指数有效值始终随抗蛇行减振器阻尼的增大而降低,抗蛇行减振器的最佳阻尼特性为:当卸荷速度为0.01 m/s、卸荷力为15.6 kN时,机车轮轨横向力与磨耗指数达到相对最优状态。

The technology of fast freight has become more sophisticated,and the vigorous development of the fast freight is imperative.Compared with the traditional train,fast freight requires higher speed,which means that it is necessary to optimize the parameter of freight electric locomotive.Based on the theory of vehicle dynamics,the model of locomotive is established by using SIMPACK software.The research focuses on the rubber joint stiffness and damping characteristics of anti-yaw damper.Results indicate that the optimal value of rubber joint stiffness of anti-yaw damper is 20 MN/m.When the stiffness is higher than this value,there is a significant growing trend in the wheel-rail lateral force and wheel wear indices.The effective value of wear index shows a decreasing trend with the increase of damping.If unloading speed of anti-yaw damper reaches 0.01 m/s and unloading force is 89 kN,the wheel-rail lateral force and wear index could reach a relatively optimal state.