煤化工废水“零排放”技术进展

Progress in"Zero Discharge"Technology of Wastewater in Coal Chemical Industry

煤化工高盐废水零排放处理技术的研究与应用仍在发展阶段,技术上也存在一些问题和争议。本文介绍了煤化工高盐水的来源及特点,提出了其无害化处理的必要性;针对当前各种"零排放"技术,重点阐述各种技术的性能特点及其适用范围,尤其是常见的有机物去除方式、钙镁离子和悬浮物的去除、膜浓缩和纳滤分盐的影响因素和选择、蒸发结晶工艺的技术比选及适用范围,总结了煤化工高盐废水零排放技术的应用现状,并展望了未来技术的发展方向。

Currently,the zero-discharge treatment technology for high-salinity wastewater in coal chemical industry is in the early stage of research and application,with some problems and disputes.This article introduces the source and characteristics of high-salinity wastewater in coal chemical industry,specifies the necessity of its harmless treatment,describes the performance characteristics and application range of various"zero discharge"technologies,including the removal of organic matters,calcium and magnesium ions and suspended solids,influence factors and selection of membrane concentration and salt separation by nanofiltration,technical comparison and application range of evaporation&crystallization,summarizes the application status of"zero discharge"technology for high-salinity wastewater in coal chemical industry,and offers the prospects of the technology in the future.