哈尔滨城市河网丰水期浮游植物群落分布特征及驱动因子

Distribution Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Phytoplankton Community in Harbin Urban River Network During Wet Season

本研究于2019年丰水期(6~8月),在哈尔滨城市河网选取23个典型采样点,包括松花江哈尔滨段、何家沟、马家沟和阿什河,研究其浮游植物群落的分布特点及水环境的驱动因子.本研究期间共鉴定浮游植物149个分类单位,在丰水期6~8月期间,哈尔滨城市河网浮游植物群落组成由硅藻门及绿藻门占据绝对优势逐渐转化为硅藻门与蓝藻门占据优势.优势种主要包括:梅尼小环藻(Cyclotella meneghiniana Kützing)、谷皮菱形藻[Nitzschia palea(Kützing)W.Smith]、肘状针杆藻[Synedra ulna(Nitzsch)Ehrenberg]、狭形纤维藻(Ankistrodesmus angustus Bernard)、湖泊假鱼腥藻[Pseudanabaena limnetica(Lemmermann)Komárek]和卵形隐藻(Cryptomonas ovata Ehrenberg)等.单因子交叉相似性分析(One-way crossed ANOSIM)显示研究期间松花江哈尔滨段与其它支流间浮游植物组成差异性显著(P<0.05),整体上松花江哈尔滨段浮游植物丰富度大于其他河段.冗余分析(RDA)表明,TP与p H是引起哈尔滨城市河网各河段浮游植物群落结构差异的主要环境因子.本研究旨在通过研究哈尔滨城市河网浮游植物群落及环境相关性,丰富对城市河网生态评价的研究,为今后城市河网生态监测、治理与恢复提供理论基础.

In this study,23 typical sampling points were selected from the Harbin urban river network during the wet season from June to August in 2019,including the Harbin section of the Songhua,Hejiagou,Majiagou,and Ashi rivers to study the distribution of phytoplankton communities. Characteristics and driving factors influencing the water environment were determined,and a total of 174 taxa of phytoplankton were identified. During the wet period from June to August,the composition of the phytoplankton community in the urban river network of Harbin was dominated by Diatom and Chlorophyta,which gradually shifted toward Diatom and Cyanophyta.The dominant species mainly include: Cyclotella meneghiniana Kützing,Nitzschia palea( Kützing) W. Smith,Synedra ulna( Nitzsch)Ehrenberg,Ankistrodesmus angustus Bernard,Pseudanabaena limnetica( Lemmermann) Komárek,and Cryptomonas ovata Ehrenberg.One-way crossed similarity analysis( One-way crossed ANOSIM) revealed significant differences in phytoplankton composition among different sections of the river during the study period( P < 0. 05). The Harbin section of the Songhua River was richer in phytoplankton than other sections. Redundancy analysis( RDA) shows that TP and p H are the main environmental factors that cause differences in the structure of the phytoplankton community in each section of the Harbin urban river network. This research aims to enrich the research on the ecological evaluation of urban river network by studying the phytoplankton community and environmental relevance of Harbin urban river network and provide a theoretical basis for future urban river network ecological monitoring,management,and restoration.