肺癌中医证候要素及症状分布情况研究

Study on the Distribution of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome Elements and Symptoms in Lung Cancer Patients

目的探讨中国中医科学院广安门医院肿瘤科原发性肺癌患者中医证型及症状分布规律。方法对2019年9月至11月广安门医院肿瘤科门诊及住院的180例肺癌患者中医证候要素及症状进行研究分析,主要分析中医证候要素及症状分布情况,初步探索肺癌患者中医证型分布特点及症状分布规律。结果肺癌患者在证候要素分布上以复合证型为主,其中气虚证为基础证候要素;病理分期为Ⅰ期的患者以气虚证、痰湿证为主;Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ期患者均以气虚证、阴虚证、痰湿证证候要素为主,四期的主要症状表现体现出与证候要素的一致性。结论肺癌是一种本虚标实的疾病,以气虚为发病之本,气虚痰湿、气阴两虚、气虚血瘀为常见复合证候。进一步对不同病理分期证候要素与症状表现的分析发现,随疾病进展体现出由简单证候向复杂证候转化,由一脏病及他脏的变化特征,为肺癌分阶段精准辨证、准确施治提供参考。

Objective To investigate the distribution of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome elements and symptoms in patients with primary lung cancer admitted in the oncology department of Guang’anmen Hospital,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences.Methods A total of 180 cases of primary lung cancer patients admitted in the oncology outpatient and inpatient department of Guang’anmen Hospital from September to November of 2019 were enrolled into the analysis.The data of the TCM syndrome elements and symptoms were collected and analyzed for the preliminary exploration of the distribution characteristics of TCM syndrome types and symptoms of lung cancer patients.Results The distribution of syndrome elements in lung cancer patients is predominated by complex syndromes,and qi deficiency syndrome is the basic syndrome element.Patients with pathological stage I are mainly differentiated as qi deficiency syndrome and phlegm-dampness syndrome,while patients with stageⅡ,Ⅲ,andⅣare mainly differentiated as qi deficiency syndrome,yin deficiency syndrome,and phlegm-dampness syndrome respectively.The symptom manifestation of the patients with various pathological stages reflects the consistency with the syndrome elements.Conclusion Lung cancer is a disease with deficiency in the origin and excess in the superficiality.Qi deficiency is the root cause of disease.Qi deficiency with phlegm dampness syndrome,qi and yin deficiency syndrome,and qi deficiency with blood stasis syndrome are the common complex syndromes for the lung cancer patients.Further analysis of the elements and symptoms of different pathological stages indicates that as the disease progresses,the simple syndromes transform into the complex syndromes,one-organ affection results into the affection of multiple organs.The findings in this article will provide a reference for precise differentiation and accurate treatment of lung cancer in stages.