缓解相对贫困:贫困边缘户贫困的预防与应对

Alleviating Relative Poverty:Prevention and Response to Poverty of Marginal Poor Households

贫困边缘户贫困的预防与应对对巩固脱贫攻坚成果、缓解相对贫困具有重要意义。作为相对贫困治理目标群体之一,贫困边缘户社会网络资源匮乏,生活幸福感有待提升;经济社会低,政治参与度低;就业能力有限,非农就业困难;医疗、教育负担沉重,收支保持平衡困难。为解决贫困边缘户的发展困境,一些地区制定了贫困边缘户的帮扶政策。然而,在救助过程中仍面临着治理主体内生动力不足、贫困救助政策不健全、帮扶政策缺失等困境。为缓解贫困边缘户相对贫困,需完善事前预防与事中救助相结合的贫困预防、救助机制,以及健全贫困边缘户脱贫致富的保障机制。

It is of great significance to prevent and deal with poverty in the marginal poor households for consolidating the achievements of poverty alleviation and alleviating relative poverty. As one of the target groups of relative poverty governance, the marginal poor households are lack of social network resources,and their sense of well-being needs to be improved;their economic and social level is low, and their political participation is low;their employ ability is limited, and their non-agricultural employment is difficult;their medical and educational burdens are heavy, and it is difficult to keep balance of payments. In order to solve the development dilemma of the the marginal poor households, some areas have formulated assistance policies for the groups. However, in the process of relief, there are still some difficulties, such as the lack of endogenous power of governance subject, the imperfection of poverty relief policy, the lack of assistance policy and so on. In order to alleviate the relative poverty of the marginal poor households, we need to improve the poverty prevention and relief mechanism, which is the combination of prior prevention and inprocess assistance, and improve the security mechanism for the marginal poor households to get rid of poverty and become rich.