海拔对秋直播当归生长动态及品质的影响

Effects of Altitudes on Direct Autumn-sowing Angelica sinensis Growth Dynamics and Quality

以当归品种岷归1号指示品种,采用1 700、2 210、2 580 m三个海拔梯度进行当归秋季直播,同时以海拔2 210 m的移栽当归为对照,研究了不同海拔对秋直播当归生长动态及产量、品质的影响。结果表明,秋直播当归从9月份开始芦头茎粗、单根干重表现为随海拔升高而减小,且在整个生长期间都小于对照移栽当归。1 700、2 210、2 580 m海拔下的秋直播当归抽薹率均为0,1700 m海拔下秋直播当归产量比对照移栽当归增产4.99%,2 210、2 580 m海拔下秋直播当归分别比对照移栽当归减产2.69%、29.75%。1 700 m海拔下秋直播当归以二、三、四等品为主,占总量的86.67%,2 210、2 580 m海拔下秋直播当归以三、四等品为主,分别占总量的93.33%、100.00%。秋直播当归醇溶性浸出物、挥发油和阿魏酸含量随海拔的升高而升高,2 210、2 580 m海拔下秋直播当归的阿魏酸含量分别比对照移栽当归显著提高13.0%、5.8%。当归秋直播技术可在海拔1 700~2 210 m区域推广,以海拔1 700 m的秋直播当归根长、芦头茎粗、单根干重、产量、商品等级等指标表现最佳。

In order to study the impact of different altitudes on the dynamic growth,output and quality of direct-seeding Angelica sinensis in Autumn.Three altitude gradients,1700 m,2210 m and 2580 m were adopted by using the indicator cultivar Mingui 1 for the direct-seeding of Angelica sinensis in autumn,and transplanted Angelica sinensis at the altitude of 2210 m was taken as the control group.The results showed that since September,the stem diameter and dry weight of a single root of the direct-seeding Angelica sinensis in autumn decreased with the rise of altitude,and it was smaller than transplanted Angelica sinensis throughout the whole growth period.At 1700 m,2210 m and 2580 m,the moss pumping rate of autumn direct sowing angelica was 0,and the yield of direct sowing Angelica sinensis at 1700 m in autumn was 4.99%higher than that of the control,and the yield of direct sowing Angelica sinensis at 2210 m and 2580 m in autumn was 2.69%and29.75%lower than that of transplanting Angelica sinensis,respectively.Second,third and fourth grade of products at a low altitude were dominant,accounting for 86.67%of total products.Third and fourth grade of products at a middle and high altitude were dominant,accounting for 93.33%and 100%of total products,respectively.Ethanol-soluble extractives,volatile oil and content of ferulic acid increased with the increased with the rise of altitude.The content of ferulic acid at middle and high altitude increased by 13.0%and 5.8%respectively compared with transplanted Angelica sinensis.The direct-seeding technology of Angelica sinensis in autumn can be promoted in regions ranging between 1700 m and 2210 m altitude.direct-seeding Angelica sinensis in autumn at the altitude of 1700 m has the best performance,including the root length,stem diameter,dry weight of single root,yield and product grade,etc.