四级联合榜样教育对COPD患者自我护理能力和健康状态的影响

Effects of 4-level joint model education on self-care ability and health status of patients with COPD

目的探讨区级医院-社区卫生服务站-榜样教育者-家庭四级联合榜样教育对老年COPD患者自我护理能力和健康状态的影响。方法选取2018年10月至2020年9月在某综合性医院呼吸内科治疗出院的老年COPD患者225例为研究对象,按照出院时间分为对照组110例和实验组115例;对照组实施常规出院随访,实验组在对照组基础上实施区级医院-社区卫生服务站-榜样教育者-家庭四级联合榜样教育。结果干预后实验组自我护理能力、健康状态、焦虑及抑郁改善状况优于对照组(P<0.05),两组呼吸困难程度无明显变化(P>0.05)。结论实施四级联合榜样教育能够有效促进老年COPD患者提高自我护理能力,改善焦虑、抑郁状态,促进健康,但对呼吸困难程度的影响还需要长时间大样本的进一步研究。

Objective To explore the influence of district hospital,community health service station,model educator and family model educator(4-level joint model education)on self-care ability and health status of elderly patients with COPD.Methods A total of 225 elderly patients with stable COPD who were from the department of respiratory medicine of a general hospital from October 2018 to September 2020 were selected as subjects and divided into control group(110 cases)and experimental group(115 cases).The control group received routine discharge follow-up,and on the basis of control group the experimental group received district hospital,community health service station,model educator and family model educator(4-level joint model education).Results After intervention,the improvement of self-care ability,health status,anxiety and depression in the experimental group were better than those in the control group(P<0.05).The degree of dyspnea had no significant change between two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion The implementation of 4-level joint model education can effectively improve patients'self-care ability and the state of anxiety and depression,then promote their health.However,the effect on the degree of dyspnea needs to be further studied over a long period of time in a larger samples.