无人系统互操作性发展现状与关键问题

Development status and key issues of unmanned system interoperability

无人系统正在加速由专用化、单一化向通用化、标准化发展,多无人系统协同、无人-有人系统协同、无人系统集群等新型作战概念不断成熟。无人系统互操作性是提高无人系统联合作战能力的倍增器和推动无人系统系列化发展的重要抓手,也是适应无人系统协同化、集群化发展的必然需求。本文详细阐述了无人系统互操作性的概念内涵,从顶层规划、技术创新和能力验证三个方面分析了无人系统互操作性发展现状,提出了一种针对跨域、多域无人系统互操作的等级模型,构建了自底向上和自顶向下相结合的互操作性关键支撑技术体系,剖析了通用/开放体系架构、标准协议与模块化组件、自主能力评估验证、数据传输与数据策略等技术因素,并展望了下一步研究重点。

Unmanned system is accelerating the development from specialization and simplification to generalization and standardization,and new operational concepts such as multi-unmanned system cooperation,unmanned-manned system cooperation and unmanned system cluster are gradually maturing.The interoperability is a multiplier to improve the joint combat capability of unmanned systems and an important starting point to promote the development of unmanned system serialization.It is also an inevitable requirement to adapt to the collaborative and clustered development of unmanned systems.In this paper,the concept of unmanned system interoperability is described in detail.The development status of unmanned system interoperability is analyzed from three aspects of top-level planning,technological innovation and capability verification.A hierarchical model for interoperability of cross-domain and multi-domain unmanned systems is proposed.Based on bottom-up and top-down ideas,the key support technology system of interoperability is constructed,the technical factors such as common/open architecture,standard protocols and modular components,autonomous capability evaluation and verification,data transport and data strategy are systematically analyzed,and the next research focus is prospected.