历史时期长江上游鲟鱼资源的开发研究

Study on the Development of Sturgeon Resources in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River in the Historical Period

鲟鱼一直以来都是长江干流民众利用的重要经济鱼类之一,开发历史悠久。鲟鱼资源广泛分布于长江上游的干流和主要支流的河口地带,也是长江上游市场上出售的重要鱼类。其中,以今三峡地区、泸州、宜宾的鲟鱼类资源最为丰富。清代在三峡地区以捕捞鲟鱼为中心形成了专门的捕鲟业。20世纪60、70年代沿江渔民发明改进了专门的捕获鲟鱼的工具包括鲟鱼钩、鲟鱼流网等,进一步加大对鲟鱼资源的捕捞力度。在捕捞利用鲟鱼的过程中,人们对鲟鱼的认知也在不断发生变化。

Sturgeon has always been one of the important economic fishes used by the people in the main stream of the Yangtze River,with a long history of development.Sturgeon resources are widely distributed in the main stream of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River and the estuaries of the main tributaries.The sturgeon resources in the Three Gorges area,Luzhou and Yibin are the most abundant.In the Qing Dynasty,a special sturgeon fishing industry was formed in the Three Gorges area.In the 1960s and 1970s,fishermen along the river invented and improved special tools for catching sturgeon,including sturgeon hooks and sturgeon drift nets,so as to further strengthen the fishing of sturgeon resources.In the process of human catching and utilizing sturgeon,peoples cognition of sturgeon is also changing.