资本和研究生教育对高技术产业的投入产出效率评价——基于三阶段DEA模型和Malmquist指数的分析

Evaluation of Input-output Efficiency of Capital and Graduate Education on High-tech Industries--the Analysis Based on Three-stage DEA Model and Malmquist Index

资本投入和高素质劳动者是高技术产业发展的关键。研究生教育是培育高素质、掌握高精尖技术劳动者的主要途径。通过构建三阶段DEA模型,可规避单一DEA分析存在的指标选取依据不足,以及未考虑外部环境影响等问题。本研究以我国31个省市自治区为研究对象,以研究生教育规模为环境变量之一,对2010—2016年、2018年资本和研究生学历从业者对高技术产业的投入产出效率进行测算和分解研究。实证结果表明:阻碍31个省市自治区高技术产业的投入产出效率显著提高的主要原因在于技术进步,约半数省市自治区拥有较差的资本、人力资本优化配置能力。各地区应根据自身的规模报酬状态适当调整其研究生教育规模,调整对高技术产业的资本投入规模和优化高技术产业成长外部环境。

Capital investment and high-quality workers are the key to the development of high-tech industry.Graduate education is the main way to cultivate high-quality and skilled workers.By building a Three-stage DEA model,we can avoid the problems of single DEA analysis,such as insufficient basis for index selection and not considering the external environmental impact.This study takes 31 provinces and cities in China as the research object,and takes the scale of graduate education as one of the environmental variables to measure and analyze the input-output efficiency of capital and graduate degree practitioners in high-tech industry from 2010 to 2016 and 2018 Decomposition study.The empirical results show that:the main reason hindering the input-output efficiency of high-tech industry in 31 provinces and cities is technological progress;about half of provinces and cities have poor capital and human capital allocation ability;each region should adjust its graduate education scale,adjust the capital investment scale of high-tech industry and optimize high-tech industry according to its own returns to scale External environment for growth.