土体微细观组构对其工程性质影响的研究方法综述

土是岩石在漫长的地质历史中经过各种物理、化学等作用形成的不同尺度大小、经过各种外力搬运堆积形成的堆积体。土体漫长的形成历史决定了其复杂的组分、结构及其工程性质。土的结构是从较小尺度上对土的描述,其结构详细划分为宏观、细观和微观三个层次。土的宏观结构是指可以用肉眼、放大镜或光学显微镜观察到的特征;土的微观结构是土的物质成分在空间上的排列以及土粒的联结特征,着重研究土颗粒内部的矿物组成形态晶体结构及相互关系;细观结构是指土颗粒或颗粒聚合体之间的相对位置、排列特征、接触状态、粒间连接、胶结物及胶结状态、粒间孔隙大小与形态,土的工程性质在一定程度上是其成分和微细观结构在宏观上的外在表现。因此,研究土的内部结构与其宏观工程性质之间的关系成为重要课题。多种方法和理论被用于反映和描述土的结构,以方便在工程中准确反映和应用其性质。

Soil is a kind of accumulation body formed by various physical and chemical processes in the long geological history,which is of different sizes and transported by various external forces.The long formation history of soil determines its complex composition,structure and engineering properties.The soil structure is a description of soil on a small scale,and its structure is divided into three levels:macro,meso and micro.The macro-structure of soil refers to the characteristics that can be observed with the naked eye,magnifying glass or optical microscope;the micro-structure of soil is the arrangement of soil material composition in space and the connection characteristics of soil particles,focusing on the mineral composition,morphol-ogy,crystal structure and interrelationship of soil particles;while the meso-structure refers to the relative position,arrangement characteristics,contact state,intergranular connection,cement and cementation state,intergranular pore size and shape between soil particles or particle aggregates.The engineering property of soil,to a certain extent,is the external manifestation of its composition and micro-and meso-structures.Therefore,the relationship between the internal structure of soil and its macroengineering properties has become an important theme for research.A variety of methods and theories have been used to re-flect and describe the structure of soil in order to accurately reflect and apply its properties in engineering.