海瑞达保水剂在我国旱作节水农业生产中的综合应用研究

Study on the Comprehensive Application of Hairuida Super Absorbent Polymers in Dry Farming and Water Saving Agriculture in China

为探明海瑞达保水剂在旱作农业不同作物种植中节水增效、化肥减量、地膜替代和增产增效等方面的应用效果,以小麦、马铃薯、玉米、药材为研究对象,连续2年(2018-2019年)开展49项田间试验。结果表明:在冬小麦种植中,在每公顷节约灌溉用水900 m^(3)和1800 m^(3)的情况下仍可实现最大22.69%的增产;在马铃薯种植中,在减肥20%、30%的情况下还略有增产,最大增产28.19%;在西北马铃薯、玉米种植中,应用保水剂在适宜条件下不覆盖地膜,相比地膜种植产量基本一样;在药材的增产增效种植试验中,产量增幅最高可达46.64%,经济效益十分突出。海瑞达保水剂具有良好的节水、保肥、增产增效的应用效果;在西北马铃薯、适宜条件下玉米的种植中,海瑞达保水剂替代地膜可行,可从根本上解决地膜残留问题。

In order to explore the application effects of Hairuida super absorbent polymers in the cultivation of different crops in dry farming,such as water-saving,efficiency improvement,fertilizer reduction and plastic film replacement,production and efficiency increasing,this study took wheat,potato,corn and medicinal plants as the research objects,and carried out 49 field trials for two consecutive years(2018-2019).The results showed that in winter wheat planting,the maximum yield increase of 22.69% could be achieved under the condition of saving 900 m^(3) and 1800 m^(3) of irrigation water per hectare.In potato planting,the yield increased slightly under the condition of reducing fertilizer by 20% and 30%,and the maximum yield increased by 28.19%.In the planting of potato and corn in Northwest China,the yield was basically the same when the super absorbent polymers was applied without mulching film under suitable conditions.In the experiment of increasing yield and increasing efficiency of medicinal materials,the increase of yield could reach up to 46.64% with outstanding economic benefits.So it can be concluded that Hairuida super absorbent polymers has good application effect of saving water,preserving fertilizer,increasing yield and efficiency.In the cultivation of potato and maize under suitable conditions in northwest China,it is feasible to replace plastic film with super absorbent polymers which can fundamentally solve the problem of plastic film residue and the white pollution problem.