双层氨化秸秆还田对盐碱地水盐运移及玉米生长的影响

Effects of Double Ammoniated Straw Returning on Water and Salt Transport and Maize Growth in Saline Alkali Soil

为了探究不同氨化秸秆还田方式对盐碱地水盐运移及玉米生长规律的影响,在山西省太原市小店区进行了盐碱地大田玉米试验研究。试验共设置4种秸秆还田方式,分别为:将氨化秸秆在土壤表层按1.2 kg/m^(2)覆盖(F1);将氨化秸秆在土壤表层按0.9 kg/m^(2)覆盖,同时按0.3 kg/m^(2)在土壤下30 cm处还田(F2);将氨化秸秆在土壤表层按0.6 kg/m^(2)覆盖,同时按0.6 kg/m^(2)在土壤下30 cm处还田(F3);将氨化秸秆按0.3 kg/m^(2)在土壤表层覆盖,同时按0.9 kg/m^(2)在土壤下30 cm处还田(F4)和无秸秆还田对照组(CK)。结果表明,不同处理组与对照组相比都表现出抑盐表聚效果,且差异显著(P<0.05),其中处理组F2抑盐效果最为显著。双层氨化秸秆还田处理组F1、F2、F3、F4保水效果依次减弱,但随着植株的生长发育各处理组保水效果越来越显著。秸秆还田在一定程度上可以促进植株的生长发育,处理组F2、F3产量最高且与对照组(CK)间差异显著(P<0.05)。综合考虑保水抑盐及玉米生长发育处理F2最为适宜。

In order to explore the effects of different ammoniated straw returning methods on water and salt transport and maize growth in saline alkali soil,a field maize experiment was conducted in Xiaodian District,Taiyuan City,Shanxi Province.Four straw returning methods were set in the experiment,including surface mulching of ammoniated straw1.2 kg/m^(2)(F1),ammoniated straw covered with 0.9 kg/m^(2) on the surface of the soil and returned to the field 30cm below the soil at 0.3 kg/m^(2)(F2),ammoniated straw covered with 0.6 kg/m^(2) at the surface of soil and returned to the field 30cm below the soil at 0.6 kg/m^(2)(F3),ammoniated straw mulched on the soil surface at a rate of 0.3 kg/m^(2) and returned to the field 30 cm below the soil at 0.9 kg/m^(2)(F4).At the same time,a control group without straw returning(CK)was set.The results showed that,compared with the control group,the different treatment groups all showed the effect of inhibiting salt accumulation and the difference was significant(P<0.05),among which the treatment group F2 showed the most significant effect of salt inhibition.The water retention effect of F1,F2,F3 and F4 treatment groups with double layer ammoniated straw returned to the field decreased successively,but with the growth and development of plants,the water retention effect of each treatment group became more and more significant.Straw returning could promote the growth and development of plants to a certain extent.The yields of F2 and F3 treatment groups were the highest and significantly different from those of control group(CK)(P<0.05).Comprehensively considering the effects of water and salt retention and maize growth and development,F2 treatment is the most suitable.