两种护理方法对小儿急性坏死性小肠结肠炎术后造瘘口的护理效果比较

Comparison of the nursing effects of two nursing methods on the postoperative stoma of children with acute necrotizing enterocolitis

目的分析小儿急性坏死性小肠结肠炎(Necmtizing entemcolitis,NEC)术后造瘘口使用两种不同方法护理的实施效果。方法患儿2018年5月至2020年6月诊治于泰安市妇幼保健院,共76例,均于术中做一造口。对其进行回顾性分析,并予以护理,A组39例,予常规护理+3M敷贴护理;B组37例,予常规护理+氧化锌软膏护理。对比造口周边皮肤状态、不良反应、住院天数、患儿依从性等护理效果。结果A组皮肤完整率(82.05%)高于B组(51.35%)(P<0.05)。A组不良反应率5.13%,低于B组的24.32%(P<0.05)。A组住院天数为(3.35±0.95)d,B组为(4.83±0.99)d(P<0.05)。A组患儿依从性97.44%,高于B组的81.08%(P<0.05)。结论为NEC患儿实行3M敷贴护理能够改善皮肤状态,而且安全效益好,住院周期短,患儿更加依从。

Objective To analyze the effect of two different nursing methods on postoperative stoma of acute necrotizing enterocolitis(NEC)in children.Methods A total of 76 children with NEC who were diagnosed and treated in Tai'an Maternal and Child Health Hospital between May 2018 and June 2020 were treated with a stoma during the operation.The patients were retrospectively analyzed.Based on the nursing method,39 cases were included in the group A and received routine nursing and 3M application care;37 cases were included in the group B and received routine care and zinc oxide ointment care.The skin condition around the stoma,adverse reactions,length of stay in the hospital,and compliance of children were compared.Results The skin integrity rate of group A(82.05%)after sorting out the data was higher than that(51.35%)of group B(P<0.05).The adverse reaction rate of group A(5.13%)was higher than 24.32%of group B(P<0.05).The length of hospital stay of group A(3.35±0.95)days was higher than(4.83±0.99)days of group B(P<0.05).The compliance of group A(97.44%)was higher than 81.08%of group B(P<0.05).Conclusion Carrying out 3M application care for children with NEC can improve the skin condition,with good safety and benefit,shorter hospitalization period,and better compliance for the children.