美国“印太战略”为何不涉及非洲——“去非洲化”及其动因与影响

Why Does the U.S.Indo-Pacific Strategy Not Involve Africa:“De-Africanization”and Its Causes and Influences

美国"印太战略"不涉及(环印度洋)非洲,而日本、印度甚至澳大利亚等地区大国却将非洲视作"印太"的一部分。可见,"非洲定位"是"印太"概念存在张力的体现之一。事实上,美国"印太"概念的建构经历了"去非洲化"的过程。特别是特朗普政府意图通过将极具标志性意义的非洲排除在外,凸显"印太"的战略属性、安全属性以及封闭的"联盟"属性,从而构建符合美国战略利益的"印太"范式,掌握地区战略的主导权。美国"印太战略"的"去非洲化"很大程度上超越了印太地区得以形成的客观现实基础或限度,因此其进一步实施也面临着无可避免的困境。

The"Indo-Pacific strategy"of the United States does not involve Eastern Africa(around the Indian Ocean),while regional powers such as Japan,India and even Australia regard Africa as a part of the Indo-Pacific region.It can be seen that"African orientation"is one of the manifestations of the tension in the concept of"Indo-Pacific".In fact,the construction of the U.S."Indo-Pacific"concept has gone through the process of"De-Africanization".In particular,the Trump Administration intended to highlight the strategic,security,and closed"alliance"attributes of"Indo-Pacific"by excluding Africa,which is of great symbolic significance,to build an"Indo-Pacific"paradigm in line with the strategic interests of the United States and to grasp the dominant power of regional strategy.The"De-Africanization"of the U.S."Indo-Pacific strategy"goes beyond the objective and realistic basis or limit of the formation of the Indo-Pacific region,so its further implementation is facing inevitable difficulties.