无卤阻燃永久抗静电玻璃纤维增强聚酰胺6材料的研制

Preparation of Glass-fiber Reinforced Polyamide 6 with Halogen-free Flame Retardant and Permanent Antistatic Performance

采用熔融共混法将无卤阻燃剂LX-15、永久抗静电剂MH-2030添加到玻璃纤维增强聚酰胺6(PA6/GF)基体中制备复合材料,分别采用垂直燃烧仪、绝缘电阻测试仪、热重分析仪(TG)、悬臂梁冲击试验机和微机控制万能试验机对复合材料的阻燃性能、抗静电性能、热稳定性和力学性能进行了测试和表征。结果表明,复合材料的阻燃等级和抗静电性能随着阻燃剂和永久抗静电剂含量的增加而提升;单独作用时,添加15%(质量分数,下同)的LX-15可使PA6/GF的阻燃等级达到UL 94测试V-0级,添加20%的MH-2030可使PA6/GF的表面电阻下降至1.1×10^(8)Ω;复合使用时,添加20%的MH-2030时,LX-15含量增加至25%可使用复合材料的阻燃等级达UL 94测试V-0级的同时表面电阻下降至1.1×10^(8)Ω,且抗静电性能持久稳定;同时,添加20%MH-2030、25%LX-15复合材料的拉伸强度、缺口冲击强度和初始分解温度分别为103 MPa、15.3 kJ/m^(2)和376℃,与纯PA6/GF的143 MPa、22.3 kJ/m^(2)和382℃相比,虽然有所降低,但仍能保持在较高水平。

A halogen-free flame retardant LX-15 and a permanent antistatic agent MH-2030 were added into a glass-fiberreinforced polyamide 6(PA6/GF)matrix to prepared a series of compounds through melt blending.The flame retardant,thermal stability,antistatic and mechanical properties of the compounds were characterized using vertical combustion tester,insulation resistance tester,thermogravimetric analyzer,cantilever beam impact tester and microcomputer controlled universal tester.The results indicated that with the addition of only 15 wt%LX-15,the flame retardant level of PA6/GF achieved a UL 94 V-0 classificaton.Their surface resistance decreased down to 1.1×10^(8)Ωwith the addition of only20 wt%MH-2030.The compounds achieved a V-0 classificaton,and their surface resistivity decreased down to 1.1×10^(8)Ωwhen 25 wt%of LX-15 and 20 wt%of MH-2030 were added together.Their antistatic property could be maintained for a long time.Meanwhile,their tensile strength,notched impact strength and initial decomposition temperature were 103 MPa,15.3 kJ/m^(2)and 376℃,respectively,which are still acceptable in comparison with the values of 143 MPa,22.3 kJ/m^(2)and 382℃for pure PA6/GF.