会泽正志斋《新论》中的世界认识与政治思想

Seishisai Aizawa’s World Understanding and Political Thought in ShinRon

会泽正志斋在《新论》中提出了线性差等世界秩序,并给出了体系性的论证。同时,通过对当时世界形势和日本时势的沿革进行分析,指出内忧外患的严峻性,提出以民族惯习和道德风俗为核心的政治理论,并据此给出了利用国家祭祀来强化国家信仰,通过施行保守的经济政策来富国,通过改革军事、任用人才来强兵等一系列大胆的改革主张。这种基于历史惯习的政治理论是一次以复古为名义的革新,是日本自主构建国民国家的理论尝试。

In his most famous book Shin Ron,Seishisai Aizawa proposed a new world order theory based on the geographical knowledge he had at that time and provided systematic explanations.By analyzing the international situation and Japan’s historical development,he pointed out the severity of internal and external crises of Japan.To solve these problems,he put forward a political theory centered on national customs and moral manners to unite the people.Accordingly,he proposed a series of bold reforms such as the use of national rituals to promote national faith,the implementation of conservative economic policies to enrich the country,and the reform of the military to strengthen the army.This political theory was in fact an innovation in the name of restoration,and was a theoretical attempt to build a nation state in Japan’s own way.