代表者对被代表者的翻转——霍布斯论代表、人格与三位一体

The Reverse of the Relationship between the Representative and the Represented--Hobbes on Representation,Person and Trinity

与代表论的其他奠基人物相比,非常重视代表问题的霍布斯则由于其绝对主义倾向以及保王派立场而往往被忽视了。但如果从霍布斯的整个理论体系来观照其代表论,就可以发现霍布斯的代表论不仅是其政治建构中必要的理论环节,同时也可以被视为其为现代政治留下的理论成果。霍布斯的代表论通过"授权"取代"相似"对代表关系进行了历史性变革,其核心要素归结起来就是"代表者对被代表者的翻转"。通过霍布斯的代表论,我们能够揭示出现代代议制所存在的根本性问题。

Compared with other founding figures of the theory of representation,Hobbes,who puts great emphasis on the problem of representation,has been largely ignored because of his absolutism and royalist stance.It is necessary to look into Hobbes’s theory of representation from his whole theoretical system.Hobbes’s theory of representation not only constitutes an important part of his political construction,but is a significant theoretical achievement he left for modern politics as well.His theory of representation historically altered the representation by replacing"resemblance"with"authorization",in which the representative is elevated to a position superior to the represented.A careful examination of this theory of representation would uncover the essential problem at the very heart of the system of representation.