中医药在失重生理效应中的实验研究综述

Review of Experimental Research on Physiological Effects of Weightlessness by Traditional Chinese Medicine

航天飞行期间,人体因处于失重环境下将发生一系列生理适应性改变,出现航天运动病、心血管功能紊乱、骨骼和肌肉退行性病变以及免疫机能下降等,威胁航天员健康和安全。运用中医的"整体观念、辨证论治"理论,总结出失重效应的总病机为肝脾肾的虚损且以阴虚为主,并存在气血逆乱、气虚血瘀等证候。同时,采取中医理论中"疾病归经"的分类方法,将失重生理效应分为了肝系病证、心系病证、肢体经络病证和气血病证,综述了中医药在模拟失重动物模型不同病证中的基础研究成果,以及头低位卧床实验得到的研究成果,并对中医药在失重生理效应的应用以及中医药实验研究的航天医学发展方向进行了展望。

The physiological adaptive changes of the human body to the weightlessness environment during space flight can affect the physical health of astronauts,such as space motion sickness,cardiovascular system disorders,bone and muscle degeneration and immune function decline and so on.Using the theory of"holistic concept,syndrome differentiation and treatment"of traditional Chinese medicine,it was concluded that the total pathogenesis of weightlessness effect was deficiency of liver,spleen and kidney,which was mainly yin deficiency,and there were symptoms such as qi and blood disorder,qi deficiency and blood stasis.At the same time,adopting the classification method of"disease meridian tropism"in traditional Chinese medicine theory,the physiological effects of weightlessness were divided into liver disease syndrome,heart disease syndrome,limb meridian disease syndrome and qi and blood disease syndrome.The basic research results of traditional Chinese medicine in different diseases and the clinical research results obtained through bed rest experiments were summarized.The application of traditional Chinese medicine in weightlessness physiological effects and the development direction of traditional Chinese medicine experimental research in space medicine were prospected.