小麦赤霉病新抗源W01的抗性及相关经济性状分析

Analysis of resistance and related economic characters of a new wheat Fusarium blight resistant source W01

为鉴定小麦赤霉病新抗源W01的抗性,溯源其抗性基因,综合评价其育种利用价值,以高产、中感赤霉病的扬麦15为母本,分别与W01和苏麦3号组配杂交组合,以两个组合的F_(2)遗传群体为研究对象,比较分析W01和苏麦3号的赤霉病抗性及其与株高、穗数、籽粒之间的关系。结果表明,W01和苏麦3号均含有抗赤霉病主效基因PFT-1和His-1,抗性均达到抗(R)水平,二者抗性相当。但W01株型紧凑,植株较矮,分蘖力较强,且丰产性和品质均优于苏麦3号。在与扬麦15组配的F_(2)群体中,W01组合的抗性表现突出,中抗(MR)以上单株比例达91%,且整个群体没有感病(S)和高感(HS)单株出现,其抗性的遗传力高于苏麦3号组合,两个遗传群体的赤霉病性状与株高显著正相关,与有效穗数显著负相关。综合结果表明,W01是可以应用于改良小麦赤霉病抗性的优异育种材料。

In order to identify the resistance of new wheat scab resistance source W01,we traced its resistance genes and evaluated its breeding value.We took the high-yield and moderately susceptible head blight Yangmai 15 as the female parent to hybridized with W01 and Sumai 3,respectively,and two F_(2) genetic populations of the two combinations were used as the research object to compare and analyze the FHB resistance of W01 and Sumai 3 and its relationship with plant height,spike number and kernel trait.The results showed that both W01 and Sumai 3 contained the main genes PFT-1 and His-1 for FHB resistance,and the FHB resistance reached to R level.However,W01 was of a compact plant type with shorter plants,stronger tillering ability,and it had better yield and quality than Sumai 3.In the F_(2) population crossed with Yangmai 15,the FHB resistance of W01 combination was prominent,the percentage of single plant above MR reached 91%,there were no single plants of S and HS in the whole population,and the heritability of FHB resistance of W01 combination was higher than that of Sumai 3.The FHB resistance of the two genetic populations was positively correlated with the plant height,and negatively correlated with the number of productive panicles.The results indicated that W01 is an excellent breeding material for improving wheat FHB resistance.