长江江豚健康评价体系研究

Study on the health evaluation system of Yangtze finless porpoise(Neophocaena asiaeorientalis asiaeorientalis)

长江江豚(Neophocaena asiaeorientalis asiaeorientalis)是目前生活在我国长江流域中仅有的鲸类动物,了解其种群的生理和健康状况对于该物种的保护具有重要指导意义。利用2002—2015年湖北长江天鹅洲白鱀豚国家级自然保护区与鄱阳湖长江江豚省级自然保护区共计136头次长江江豚的体检数据,统计分析了包括血液学和血液生化54个临床指标,结合行为学指标,构建了基于行为与生理健康两个维度的长江江豚健康评价体系,并评估天鹅洲保护区内圈养长江江豚“天天”的健康状况。结果表明,长江江豚的白细胞计数(WBC)、血小板计数(PLT)以及谷草转氨酶(AST)等多个临床指标的生理参数区间同陆生哺乳动物及其他近缘种存在较大差别,显示长江江豚物种的特异性。“天天”的体检结果显示其肝功能、血脂等指标异常。研究结果为长江江豚的健康状况评估和养护提供了科学依据。

The Yangtze finless porpoise(Neophocaena asiaeorientalis asiaeorientalis)is the only cetaceans that lives in the Yangtze River.Understanding the physiology and health of Yangtze finless porpoise may provide important information for the protection of this species.In this study,we statistically analyzed 54 hematology parameters and blood chemistry parameters from total of 136 Yangtze finless porpoises in the Tian-e-zhou Baiji National Nature Reserve in Hubei Province and the Poyang Lake Provincial Reserve in Jiangxi Province.The health evaluation system of Yangtze finless porpoise was constructed based on the behavioral and physiological health,and was further used to assess the physical condition of"Tiantian",a captive Yangtze finless porpoise maintained in the net cage in Tian-e-zhou National Reserves.The results showed that the blood parameters of WBC,Blood platelet(PLT),and aspartate aminotransferase(AST)of Yangtze finless porpoise were significantly different from those of terrestrial mammals and other related species.And Tiantian presented with abnormalities of hepatic indices and hyperlipidemia.These results provide scientific basis for assessment and conservation of Yangtze finless porpoise.