鹿血的酶解工艺优化及其抗运动疲劳活性评价

Optimization of enzymatic hydrolysis process of dried deer blood(Cervus nippon)and evaluation of its anti-exercise fatigue activity

对鹿血酶解工艺进行优化,并对鹿血酶解液进行液相色谱分析及抗运动疲劳活性评价。以氨基酸态氮含量、干燥失重为指标,研究动物蛋白酶的添加量、酶解时间和酶解温度对鹿血酶解效果的影响;以小鼠负重游泳时间、血尿氮含量、肝糖原含量为指标,研究鹿血及酶解液的抗运动疲劳活性。结果表明,动物蛋白酶的添加量为4 g·L^(-1),酶解时间为6 h,酶解温度为55℃为较优条件,此时氨基酸态氮含量为0.63 g·100 mL^(-1),干燥失重为60.0%。高效液相色谱图显示鹿血酶解液色谱峰明显,而鹿血粉在该色谱条件下色谱峰较少。与空白组相比,鹿血酶解液给药可极显著(P<0.01)提高小鼠负重游泳时间、肝糖原含量和降低小鼠血尿氮含量;鹿血粉给药可极显著(P<0.01)提高小鼠负重游泳时间,显著(P<0.05)降低小鼠血尿氮含量,但对肝糖原含量影响较小。鹿血具有较强的抗运动疲劳活性,鹿血酶解液的抗运动疲劳活性优于鹿血粉。

To optimize the enzymatic hydrolysis process of dried deer blood(Cervus nippon),the components were analyzed by HPLC(High performance liquid chromatography)and its anti-exercise fatigue activity was further evaluated.An orthogonal experiment was carried out to optimize the parameters(the amount of enzyme,enzymolysis time and temperature)using amino acid nitrogen content and loss on drying as indexes.The anti-exercise fatigue activity was analyzed using swimming time under load,hematuria nitrogen content and muscle glycogen content of mice as indexes.Results indicated that the optimal parameters for enzymatic hydrolysis of dried deer blood were 4 g·L^(-1) of enzyme content,55℃hydrolysis for 6.0 h with 0.63 g·100 mL^(-1) of amino acid nitrogen and 60.0%of loss on drying.HPLC analysis showed that the peak of dried deer blood(Cervus nippon)was basically few,while the peak of the hydrolysate was obvious.Compared with the control group,the hydrolysate of dried deer blood(Cervus nippon)could significantly(P<0.01)increase the swimming time and the liver glycogen content,decrease the blood urea nitrogen content in the mice;dried deer blood(Cervus nippon)could increase the swimming time significantly(P<0.01),decrease the blood urea nitrogen content significantly(P<0.05)in the mice,but it had little influence on the liver glycogen content.In conclusion,the anti-exercise fatigue effects of dried deer blood(Cervus nippon)enhanced notably after being hydrolyzed.