别本的意义:杜诗异文与“李白骑鲸”意象的生成流变

The Significance of Other Editions:The Acceptance of Du Fu's Poems and the Formation and Evolution of the Image of “Li Bai Riding a Whale”

“李白骑鲸”意象出自杜诗的别本,而其典型形象超越了正本,被广泛接受。随着杜诗的经典化,“李白骑鲸”意象也逐渐成为常用典故。以“骑鲸”为典面、“仙游”为核心意义,这一典故被频繁地使用在与杜诗别本对应的语境系统中。同时,“骑鲸”和“骑鱼”典故混用并与“醉酒捉月”传闻相结合,凝结成李白“捉月骑鲸”的仙逝神话,使典故的使用语境和意义发生改变,衍生出另一个以“仙逝”为核心的语境系统。这一过程中,别本和异文展现出独特的价值,其虽在文献校勘中接受度不如正本,但也能因优越的艺术表现力在文学接受和阐释中产生深远影响。

The image of“Li Bai riding a whale”,which springs from other versions of Du Fu's poems,has been widely accepted even surpassed well beyond the original one for its typical image.With the canonization of Du Fu's poems,the image of“Li Bai riding a whale”has become a common literary allusion.It is frequently used by taking“riding a whale”as a symbol and“roaming like an immortal”as the core meaning in the context system corresponding to the context of other versions of Du Fu's poems.Meanwhile,by combining the mix-up of allusions of“riding a whale”and“riding a fish”with the rumor of“Li Bai went to catch the moon in the water when he was drunk”,a myth of“Li Bai catching the moon in the water and then he is riding the whale to the heaven”has been created,which changes the context and meaning of the allusions and forms another context system with“Leave the world like immortals”as the core.During this process,the unique value has been presented in different variant texts.Although not as acceptable as the original in literature collation,they can also have a profound impact on the acceptance and interpretation of literature owing to their superior artistic expression.