集束化护理对老年骨质疏松患者生活质量的改善作用研究

Study on the effect of cluster nursing on quality of life of elderly patients with osteoporosis

目的观察集束化护理用于老年骨质疏松症患者的护理效果。方法以2017年10月—2020年10月浙江衢化医院110例老年骨质疏松症患者为研究对象,按照随机数字表方法分为对照组和研究组,每组55例。对照组患者实施常规护理干预,研究组患者实施集束化护理干预。采用视觉模拟评分(visual analogue scale,VAS)评价患者护理前后疼痛反应程度,采用汉密尔顿焦虑量表(Hamilton anxiety scale,HAMA)和汉密尔顿抑郁量表(Hamilton depression scale,HAMD)评估患者护理前后焦虑及抑郁心理状况,采用世界卫生组织生活质量量表(World Health Organization quality of life scale,WHOQOL-100)评估患者护理前后生活质量状况,调查患者对于护理措施的满意度。结果研究组患者护理后VAS评分[(3.46±0.49)分]显著低于对照组[(4.93±0.57)分,t=14.336,P<0.001]。研究组患者护理后HAMA评分[(9.41±1.05)分]和HAMD评分[(10.63±1.18)分]均显著低于对照组[(12.57±1.39)分、(14.49±1.63)分,t=13.684、14.221,均P<0.001]。研究组患者护理后生活领域、心理领域、独立性领域、社会关系领域、环境领域、精神支柱/个人信仰/宗教领域和生活质量总体评分均显著高于对照组水平(均P<0.001)。研究组患者护理总体满意度(98.18%)显著高于对照组(85.45%,χ^(2)=4.356,P=0.037)。结论集束化护理模式可有效缓解老年骨质疏松症患者疼痛反应程度,改善患者心理健康状况,提高患者生活质量和护理满意度水平。

Objective To observe the effect of cluster nursing on elderly patients with osteoporosis.Methods Total 110 elderly patients with osteoporosis in Zhejiang Quhua Hospital from October 2017 to October 2020 were selected as the research objects and randomly divided into control group and study group,with 55 cases in each group.The control group received routine nursing intervention,while the study group received cluster nursing intervention.Visual analogue scale(VAS)was used to evaluate the degree of pain reaction before and after nursing.Hamilton Anxiety Scale(HAMA)and Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD)were used to evaluate the psychological status of anxiety and depression before and after nursing.World Health Organization Quality of life scale(WHOQOL-lOO)was used to evaluate the quality of life before and after nursing,and the satisfaction level of patients with nursing measures was investigated.Results The VAS score of the study group[(3.46±0.49)points]was significantly lower than that of the control group[(4.93±0.57)points,t=14.336,P<0.001].HAMA score[(9.41±1.05)points]and HAMD score[(10.63±1.18)points]in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group[(12.57±1.39)points and(14.49±1.63)points,t=13.684,14.221,all P<0.001].The overall scores of life field,psychological field,independence field,social relationship field,environment field,spiritual support/personal belief/religion field and quality of life in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group(all P<0.001).The overall nursing satisfaction of the study group(98.18%)was significantly higher than that of the control group(85.45%,x^(2)=4.356,P=0.037).Conclusion Cluster nursing mode can effectively relieve the pain reaction of elderly patients with osteoporosis,improve the mental health of patients,and improve the quality of life and nursing satisfaction of patients.