粤北大宝山矿区污染成因与源头控制技术应用进展

The cause of pollution and the application progress of source control technology in Dabaoshan mining area in north Guangdong Province

韶关大宝山矿区周边兴起的无序民采和商业矿采活动对山体周边生态环境造成了巨大的破坏,严重威胁到当地居民的生命健康。为应对矿山生态退化、重金属污染及潜在生态环境等问题,矿区有效实施了水体治理和矿山生态环境修复等多项工程。本文在全面调研和搜集大宝山矿区污染现状相关资料的基础上,以清污分流、尾矿清淤、污水处理、植被恢复、矿山环境综合治理等工程实施内容及相关政策为依据,对大宝山矿区部分污染修复工程案例进行总结。并在全面分析矿山污染来源、横石河及其周边农田土壤、地下水的污染现状的基础上,简要归纳矿区目前所施行的治理工程及其成效,主要包括新山片区历史遗留矿山生态修复工程、铁龙新山片区清污分流工程、李屋拦泥库清淤工程以及尾矿库外排水处理厂工程。大宝山矿区采取的相关治理方法和理念可以为其他矿区的生态修复提供参考。

The disorderly civilian and commercial mining activities surrounding the Dabaoshan mining area in Shaoguan have caused tremendous damage to the surrounding ecological environment of the mountain and seriously threatened the lives and health of local residents.In order to cope with the problems of ecological degradation of mines,heavy metal pollution and potential ecological environment,the mining area has effectively implemented a number of projects such as water treatment and ecological environmental restoration of mines.Based on the comprehensive investigation and collection of relevant information on the pollution status of Dabaoshan mining area,this article is based on the implementation content and related policies of sewage diversion,tailings dredging,sewage treatment,vegetation restoration,comprehensive management of the mine environment,and related policies.Some cases of pollution restoration projects in the mining area are summarized.On the basis of a comprehensive analysis of the pollution sources of the mine,the current status of pollution of the soil and groundwater in the Hengshi River and its surrounding farmland,a brief summary of the current treatment projects and their effects in the mining area,mainly including the historical mine ecological restoration project in the Xinshan area,and the Tielong sewage diversion project in the Xinshan area,the dredging project of the Liwu mud storage tank and the drainage treatment plant outside the tailings tank.The related governance methods and concepts adopted by the Dabaoshan mining area can provide references for ecological restoration in other mining areas.