miRNA在缺血再灌注损伤中机制研究进展

Research Progress on the Mechanism of miRNA in Ischemia-reperfusion Injury

微小RNA(microRNA,miRNA)是近年发现的一类长度约为19~23个核苷酸的非编码RNA,能抑制或促进信使核糖核酸(messenger ribonucleic acid,mRNA)的翻译从而调控靶基因的表达。目前,在组织器官的缺血再灌注损伤研究中发现多种miRNA的表达,它们通过不同机制作用参与了组织缺血再灌注损伤的病理生理过程。且国内外实验研究均表明miRNA在脑、心、肝、肾脏及肠诸多组织器官中对治疗缺血再灌注损伤疗效确切。但目前尚缺少较系统的总结,文章就近几年国内外研究发现的miRNA在脑、心、肝、肾及肠组织器官缺血再灌注损伤中的作用及机制进行总结,冀为后续研究提供理论基础。

MicroRNA(miRNA)is a class of non-coding RNA,with a length of about 19 nucleotides and 23 nucleotides,which can inhibit or promote the translation of messenger ribonucleic acid(messenger ribonucleic acid,mRNA)and regulate the expression of target genes. At present,a variety of miRNA expressions have been found in the study of ischemia-reperfusion injury in tissues and organs,which are involved in the pathophysiological process of tissue ischemia-reperfusion injury through different mechanisms. Experimental studies at home and abroad have shown that miRNA is effective in the treatment of ischemia-reperfusion injury in many tissues and organs of brain,heart,liver,kidney and intestine. However,there is still a lack of systematic summary. In this paper,the role and mechanism of miRNA in brain,heart,liver,kidney and intestinal tissue and organs ischemia-reperfusion injury found at home and abroad are summarized in order to provide a theoretical basis for follow-up research.