老年初发和再发脑梗死患者血压波动与季节变化关系的调查分析

Relationship between blood pressure fluctuation and seasonal variation in elderly primary and recurrent cerebral infarction patients

目的探讨老年初发和再发脑梗死患者血压波动与季节变化的关系。方法选取2018年7月~2019年6月天津市宁河区医院神经内科住院首次发病的老年急性脑梗死患者808例(初发脑梗死组)。同期选择天津医科大学第二医院神经内科以及老年病科住院复发的老年急性脑梗死患者523例(再发脑梗死组)。统计不同季节入院人数及血压波动情况。结果初发脑梗死组春季、夏季、秋季和冬季发病分别为219例(27.1%)、170例(21.0%)、187例(23.1%)和232例(28.7%)。再发脑梗死组春季、夏季、秋季和冬季发病分别为124例(23.7%)、92例(17.6%)、125例(23.9%)和182例(34.8%)。初发脑梗死组冬季收缩压变异性和脉压明显高于其他三季,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);再发脑梗死组冬季收缩压变异性和脉压明显高于其他三季,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。再发脑梗死组总体收缩压变异性及春季收缩压变异性明显高于初发脑梗死组,总体舒张压变异性及四季舒张压变异性明显高于初发脑梗死组,春季和夏季脉压明显低于初发脑梗死组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论老年人血压随季节变化而变化,气温越低,血压波动性越大,再发脑梗死患者血压变异性可能高于初发脑梗死患者。

Objective To study the relationship between blood pressure fluctuation and seasonal temperature variation in elderly primary cerebral infarction(PCI)and recurrent cerebral infarction(RCI)patients.Methods Eight hundred and eight elderly acute cerebral infarction(ACI)patients admitted to Tianjin Ninghe District Hospital from July 2018 to June 2019 served as a PCI group and 523 elderly ACI patients admitted to Tianjin Medical University No.2 Hospital from July 2018 to June 2019 served as a RCI group.The number of hospitalized patients and parameters of BPF in different seasons were recorded.Results The incidence of PCI in spring,summer,autumn and winter was 27.1%,21.0%,23.1%and 28.7%respectively while that of RCI in spring,summer,autumn and winter was 23.7%,17.6%,23.9%and 34.8%respectively.The SBP variability and pulse pressure were significantly higher in winter than in spring,summer and autumn in both PCI group and RCI group(P<0.01).The total SBP variability and SBP variability in spring and the total DBP variability and DBP variability in spring,summer,autumn and winter were significantly higher while the pulse pressure in spring and summer was significantly lower in PCI and RCI patients(P<0.01).Conclusion The blood pressure changes with the seasonal temperature variation.The lower the temperature is,the greater the BPF is.The SBP variability and DBP variability are higher in RCI patients in PCI patients.