西南官话“遇得倒”的语用功能研究

On the Pragmatic Function of"Yudedao"in Southwest Mandarin

西南官话“遇得倒”与普通话能愿结构“V得C”相比具有特殊的用法,可以分化为“遇得倒1”和“遇得倒2”。前者表达的是概念意义,删除会影响命题的真值意义;后者属于话语标记,表达语句的程序意义,还具有表达对事件或行为不满情绪的情态功能,删除并不影响命题的真值。“遇得倒2”是由“遇得倒1”经历词汇化和语法化演变而来,“遇得倒1”和“遇得倒2”的对立还体现在预期性上。

The use of"Yu edao"in Southwest Mandarin in China is special compared with"V de C"in Mandarin,it can be divided into"Yudedao 1"and"Yudedao 2".The former expresses the conceptual meaning,if it is deleted,will affect the true meaning of the proposition.The latter is a discourse marker,which expresses the procedural meaning of sentences and the modal function of expressing dissatisfaction with events or behaviors.The deletion of the latter does not affect the true value of the proposition.Yudedao 2"evolved from"Yudedao 1"through lexicalization and grammaticalization,and the opposition between"Yu de dao 1"and"Yu de dao 2"is also reflected in anticipation.