我国中小学国家认同教育的实践窠臼、面向与路径

Disadvantage,Orientation and Path of National Identity Education in Primary and Secondary Schools in China

学校是组织开展国家认同教育、促进学生掌握国家认同知识、形成国家认同感和践行国家认同行为的重要场域。当前,我国中小学国家认同教育应超越传统知识思维的实践窠臼,转向实践思维的"生活世界",更加注重国家认同教育与个体"生活世界"的互动性、情境性与体验性。国家认同教育应在受教育者"具身体验"的基础上探寻精准的实施路径:注重课堂知识传授与课外实践活动的互动融合,挖掘日常仪式教育与重大社会活动的教育意蕴,利用现代信息技术构筑多频共振的教育情境,发挥教育资源合力搭建全社会教育平台。据此,促进受教育者生成与践行国家认同行为,切实提升国家认同教育的实践成效。

Schools are the important places for organizing the national identity education,urging students to master knowledge of national identity, forming a sense of national identity and practicing national identity behaviors. At present,national identity education in primary and secondary schools in China should transcend the practice of traditional knowledge thinking and turn to the "life world"of practice thinking,paying more attention to the interaction,situation and experience between the national identity education and the individual "life world".National identity education should explore the precise implementation paths based on the "personal experience"of the educatees: focusing on the interaction and integration between classroom knowledge impartation and extracurricular practical activities;digging the educational implications of daily ritual education and significant social events;using modern information technology to construct the multi-path educational situations;and giving full play to educational resources to build a social education platform. All these ways mentioned above could promote the generation and practice of educatees’ national identity behaviors,as well as the practical effects of national identity education.