不同移栽期对‘云烟87’氮代谢产物及关键酶活性的影响

Effects of Transplanting Date on Nitrogen Metabolites and Key Enzyme Activities of‘Yunyan87’

为寻求适宜的烤烟移栽期,本研究以‘云烟87’为试验材料,探究不同移栽期下烤烟氮代谢产物及关键酶活性的变化规律。结果表明,烟株大田生长期间,4月13日和5月4日移栽时烟株烟碱含量最高,4月27日和5月4日移栽的烟株总氮和蛋白质含量最高。说明较晚移栽的烟株能够促进氮代谢产物的积累。烤烟上、下部叶中,4月20日移栽的氮代谢产物在优质烟叶范围内,中部叶中,各处理烟株的含氮化合物均在优质烟范围内,5月4日移栽除外,说明晚移栽的烟株烤后烟叶化合物表现不协调。4月27日移栽的烟株氮代谢关键酶活性最高,说明该时间移栽有利于促进烟株氮代谢能力。同时谷氨酰胺合成酶与烤烟中下部叶氮代谢产物呈显著负相关关系;烤烟移栽后60 d之前,硝酸还原酶与上部叶的烟碱呈显著负相关关系。说明在烟叶生长发育过程中,谷氨酰胺合成酶对含氮化合物起抑制作用,且在烤烟移栽后60 d之前,硝酸还原酶对烟碱起抑制作用。综上,在黔西南烟区,烤烟在4月27日移栽有利于促进氮代谢产物的积累和氮代谢关键酶活性的有效变化。

In order to find a suitable transplanting period of flue-cured tobacco,we used’Yunyan87’as the test material to explore the changes of nitrogen metabolites and key enzyme activities of flue-cured tobacco under different transplanting periods.The results showed that during the field growth period of tobacco plants,tobacco plants had the highest nicotine content when transplanted on April 13 and May 4,and the tobacco plants transplanted on April 27 and May 4 had the highest total nitrogen and protein content.It showed that tobacco plants transplanted later can promote the accumulation of nitrogen metabolites.In the upper and lower leaves of flue-cured tobacco,the nitrogen metabolites transplanted on April 20 were within the range of high-quality tobacco leaves,and in the middle leaves,the nitrogen compounds of the treated tobacco plants were all within the range of high-quality tobacco,except for the transplanting on May 4.This showed that the late-transplanted tobacco plants exhibit inconsistent tobacco leaf compounds after curing.Tobacco plants transplanted on April 27th had the highest activity of key enzymes in nitrogen metabolism,indicating that transplanting at this time was beneficial to promote nitrogen metabolism of tobacco plants.At the same time,glutamine synthetase was significantly negatively correlated with nitrogen metabolites in the middle and lower leaves of flue-cured tobacco;Before 60 days after transplanting,nitrate reductase was significantly negatively correlated with nicotine in upper leaves,indicating that during the growth and development of tobacco leaves,glutamine synthetase has an inhibitory effect on nitrogencontaining compounds,and nitrate reductase has an inhibitory effect on nicotine before 60 days after transplanting flue-cured tobacco.In summary,in Qianxinan tobacco area,transplanting flue-cured tobacco on April 27 is beneficial to promote the accumulation of nitrogen metabolites and the effective changes of key enzyme activities of nitrogen metabolism.