极软薄破矿脉下向机械化安全并采技术研究

Research on Downward Mechanization and Safe Simultaneous Mining Technology for Extremely-soft and Thin Broken Veins

为了解决极软薄破矿脉普遍采用下向进路胶结充填开采过程中,存在劳动强度大、机械化程度低、生产成本高等问题。基于前河金矿葚沟矿区南矿带实际情况,对极薄破矿脉下向进路胶结充填开采的特点进行了研究,以提高机械化程度、降低回采成本为目标,结合类似相关矿山工程实践,通过优化采矿结构参数、凿岩与爆破方法、支护工艺及出矿形式,优选适用的机械装备,探索出极软薄破矿脉下向机械化安全并采技术,即通过合并相邻采场,共用采准工程,研究微扰无掏槽爆破与锚网支护工艺,采用高效出矿设备,实现极软薄破矿脉的机械化安全开采。现场工业试验表明,该技术可实现极软薄破矿脉的机械化高效开采,技术经济指标良好。

In order to solve the problems of high labour intensity, low degree of mechanization and high production cost in the process of adopting downward approach cemented filling method for extremely-soft and thin broken veins, based on the actual situation in the southern ore belt of the Sengou mining area of Qianhe Gold Mine, the characteristics of downward approach cemented filling method were studied so as to improve the degree of mechanization and reduce the cost of mining. Combined with engineering practices in similar related mine, by optimizing the mining structure parameters, rock drilling and blasting methods, supporting technology and mining forms, and optimizing the applicable mechanical equipment, downward mechanization and safe simultaneous mining technology for extremely-soft and thin broken veins was explored. By merging adjacent stopes and sharing mining preparation engineering, the micro-disturbance non-cutting blasting and bolt mesh support technology were studied, and the high-efficiency ore drawing equipment was adopted to realize the mechanized safe mining of extremely-soft and thin broken veins. Field industrial tests show that this technology can realize mechanized and efficient mining of extremely-soft and thin veins, with good technical and economic indicators.