陈望道的术语学思想

Chen Wangdao's Attitudes to Terminology

陈望道十分重视术语运用,并采用个案分析等研究方法卓有成效地开展了术语研究。陈望道的术语学思想相伴相生于其学术活动全过程,散见于论文、信函(公开信)、专著等,贯穿于陈望道先生所从事的所有研究领域。陈望道指出,术语具有变动性、国际性和语义精确性,术语自身须语义精确分明。术语的生成或建构须纯粹、标准。就外来词的翻译而言,能用意译的就尽量意译。陈望道还指出,术语解释要符合逻辑,包括术语解释在内的术语运用应遵循"讲求正确""追溯历史""崇尚普通""打通隔碍"等原则。陈望道的术语学思想有其逻辑学、语汇学、修辞学等方面的学术理据,亦有编纂《文学小辞典》《辞海》(未定稿)等实践动因;同时,术语学思想又推动了其他学科的学术发展。

Mr.Chen Wangdao took terms seriously,and carried out the research of terms effectively by applying the methods including case analysis.Chen Wangdao’s attitudes to terminology,which can be found in his papers,letters and monographs,etc,ran through the whole process and all the fields of his academic research.Mr.Chen pointed out that terms possessed the characteristics of variability,internationality,and accuracy in meaning.The generation and construction of terms should be pure and standard.So the loanwords should be translated literally as far as possible.Chen Wangdao also pointed out that the interpretation of terms should conform to logic,and the use of terms,including term interpretation,should follow the principles of stressing correctness,retrospecting history,advocating common,and breaking through barriers.In a word,Chen Wangdao’s thoughts of terminology has the academic motivations in logic,lexicology and rhetoric,as well as the practical motivations of compiling Literary Dictionary and Cihai(to be finalized).Meanwhile,his attitudes to terminology also contribuited to the development of other subjects.