凯洛斯:一种写作调和探索法

Future Perfect Tense:Kairos as a Heuristic for Reconciliation

修辞学在二语写作中有着漫长而丰富的历史,在跨语际写作中也同样发挥着作用,虽然相关研究并不那么显著。然而,与之密切相关的“凯洛斯”修辞概念在这两种写作中均未受到关注。“凯洛斯”通常被视为修辞者把握某一特定机会的恰好时刻,但也有一些界定将其视为兼具对修辞策略的适时把握与对修辞即时性、自发性和潜在性的敏锐而非过敏的反应。本文认为“凯洛斯”为调和二语和跨语际写作提供了一个契机,即将相关研究与教学的焦点从把握修辞策略转移至凯洛斯对“写作当下”的唤起,当下修辞者的语言背景和各种资源与其他需要注意和协调的要素之间互动生发。

Rhetoric has a long and storied history in second language writing.While not as explicitly apparent in scholarship on translingual composition,rhetoric is no less present there.Absent from both streams,however,is the rhetorical concept of kairos,even though it seems highly relevant.Kairos is often taught as the opportune time at which a rhetor masters a specific opportunity.But there are definitions of kairos that suspend it between the goal of timely rhetorical mastery on one hand and sensitivity,if not susceptibility,to rhetoric's immediacy,spontaneity,and potentiality on the other.I argue that kairos provides an opportunity to reconcile L2 and translingual composition by shifting scholarly and pedagogical focus from mastery to kairos’invocation of the“composing present,”in which a rhetor’s language background and resources interanimate with other factors that require attention and reattunement.