南京市1986-2016年7岁以下儿童肥胖检出率的流行病学调查分析

Epidemiological investigation on the detection rate of childhood obesity under 7 years old in Nanjing from 1986 to 2016

目的通过分析历次"中国九市七岁以下儿童体格发育调查研究"中,南京市7岁以下儿童肥胖的数据,获得南京市儿童肥胖发生的流行病学特征。方法分别在1986、1996、2006、2016年采用分层整群随机抽样方法从南京秦淮区及江宁区抽取10 000名以上7岁以下儿童,进行体格数据的收集,计算历次调查不同年龄段、不同性别肥胖及超重检出率。结果 (1)1986、1996、2006和2016年肥胖检出率分别是0.308%、1.76%、4.83%和4.42%。2006年检出率最高,2016年较2006年肥胖检出率略有下降。(2)1996、2006、2016年7岁以下儿童肥胖检出率随年龄增长呈现先降低又逐渐增高的趋势,1、2岁组为最低点,从3岁开始随着年龄增长检出率逐渐增加。(3)2016年南京市7岁以下儿童超重总检出率及各个年龄段的检出率均高于2006年。(4)2006、2016年7岁以下肥胖男童的总检出率高于女童。结论儿童肥胖仍是儿童健康的主要问题,儿童肥胖的干预是一项长期而又艰巨的工作。

Objective To obtain the epidemiological characteristics of childhood obesity in Nanjing by analyzing the data of childhood obesity under 7 years old in the previous study "Physical Development survey of children under 7 years old in Nine Chinese cities". Methods In 1986, 1996, 2006 and 2016, the stratified cluster random sampling method was adopted to select 10 000 children under 7 years old from Qinhuai District and Jiangning District of Nanjing, and physical data were collected to calculate the detection rate of obesity and overweight in different age groups and genders in previous surveys. Results (1) The detection rate of obesity was 0.308% in 1986, 1.76% in 1996, 4.83% in 2006 and 4.42% in 2016.The detection rate of obesity in 2006 was the highest, which was slightly lower in 2016. (2) In 1996, 2006 and 2016, the detection rate of obesity in children under 7 years old showed a trend of first decreasing and then gradually increasing with the increase of age. The detection rate of obesity in 1-year-old and 2-year-old children was lowest, which gradually increased with age from 3 years old. (3) In 2016, the overall detection rate of overweight among children under 7 years old and the detection rate in children at all age groups were all higher than that in 2006. (4) In 2006 and 2016, the overall detection rate of obesity in boys under 7 years old was higher than that of girls. Conclusion Childhood obesity is still a major problem in children′s health, and the intervention of childhood obesity is a long-term and arduous work.